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    For years，scuba （水肺） divers have reported unusual attacks from sea snakes.This behavior confused scientists because land snakes prefer to avoid humans，rather than attack them.Why would their cousins in the sea be any different？Now，a study published in Scientific Reports has revealed that the snakes may not be trying to attack humans at all.
   The snakes most often reported to"attack"divers are the highly poisonous yellow-green sea snakes.They can grow to be more than six feet long.This can make it particularly frightening for the divers.To investigate the mystery，the researchers turned to a data set collected nearly 30 years ago.As a PhD student，study author Tim Lynch made a total of 188 scuba dives in the Great Barrier Reef between May of 1994 and July of 1995.During these dives，which lasted approximately 30 minutes，he would record the number of sea snakes that approached him and the details of these encounters.Every time a snake approached，he would move to the seafloor and remain still until the snake left him alone.
   Analyzing Lynch's experience led the study authors to conclude that the attacks were a case of what they call"mistaken identity".Most of the approaches took place during the snakes' mating season，and males were more likely to approach during this time.
   While it might seem strange，the study authors argue that sea snake evolution （進(jìn)化） makes it possible.Land snakes typically locate females with the help of chemicals deposited （存積） along the ground，but this type of location is more difficult underwater，where the chemicals the females release are not water-soluble，meaning it would be more difficult for males to locate them from a distance.Further，yellow-green sea snakes do not see as well as land snakes，which makes it difficult for them to spot females.
   The explanation provided by study author Rick Shine answers the question of what divers should do if they find a sea snake rapidly swimming their way. "Don't try to hit the snake.Just give the snake a chance to figure out who you are and once it does it will likely head off，"says Shine.

（1）What does the underlined part"the mystery"in paragraph 2 refer to？

A．How long sea snakes can grow.
B．The similarity between sea snakes and land snakes.
C．Which snakes tend to attack humans.
D．The reason for sea snakes attacking divers.
（2）What did the study find out about the sea snakes？

A．They were trapped in scubas.
B．They mistook Lynch for a female snake.
C．They attacked each other during the mating season.
D．They ran after Lynch continuously during the dives.
（3）What does paragraph 4 mainly discuss？

A．How sea snakes break rules of evolution.
B．Why sea snakes have poor eyesight.
C．Why sea snakes can't find females easily.
D．When female snakes don't release chemicals.
（4）What should a diver do when a sea snake approaches？

A．Seek help from the rescue center.
B．Ignore it and keep on swimming.
C．Lead it to the shore in no time.
D．Stay calm and let it check him out.

【考點(diǎn)】說(shuō)明文；自然科學(xué)研究成果．

【答案】D；B；C；D

【解答】

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發(fā)布：2024/5/13 8:0:8組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5

相似題

1．Imagine entering a very large building and you have no idea how to get to the office you are looking for.But then，as you're standing there，a nearly silent balloon floats over to you and speaks to you.It asks you where you want to go.You tell it，and then it simply says "follow me" like a child's game，and begins to float off in the direction of your destination.It keeps going，as you follow，leading you to where you want to go.
   The guide works itself，without any help from any human being.It says "hello" to people as they arrive in the building，speaks to them，processes their requests and then guides them to the destination.
   The balloon has two tiny fans to help keep it floating and to provide just a touch of lift.Onboard is a wireless（無(wú)線的）receiver for receiving directions from a computer that directs the fans and sensors（傳感器）that let it know where objects are around it.
   The idea of such a simple robot is one that has been on the minds of scientists for years，and has been mentioned in novels many times.Today a company in America does something similar but has to be connected to the Internet，which is sometimes difficult.This is why this little balloon might be the wave of the future-because it is so much easier to follow!

（1）What is the balloon mainly used to do？

A．Lead the way.
B．Bring people joy.
C．Find the thief.
D．Attract the visitors.
（2）How does the balloon get to know its position？

A．From sensors.
B．From two tiny fans.
C．From a wireless receiver.
D．From human beings.
（3）What can we learn from the last paragraph？

A．The idea of the balloon is new.
B．The balloon is difficult to make.
C．The balloon will replace the wireless receiver soon.
D．The technology may become popular in the future.
（4）Where is the passage most probably from？

A．A science news report.
B．A newspaper ad.
C．A book review.
D．A science novel.
發(fā)布：2024/10/21 19:0:2組卷：8引用：3難度：0.3
解析

2．    Have you ever wanted to be a college student？If so，then you must know that you have to be a smart student.This means you have to achieve excellent grades in high school.The following tips may be of great help to you.
    Stop spending most of your free time watching TV or surfing the Internet.Your spare time can be spent in studying and reviewing the knowledge your teacher has already spread.
    Record important notes that your teacher explains in class.This will help reduce your preparation time for tests，which means you could start studying early.You should also read through your notes carefully because most of the things on your notes are likely to appear on.
    Ask your teacher for help if you don't understand some of the knowledge.Don't be afraid of asking questions，or you will not get a better understanding of the knowledge.
    Study for your tests as soon as possible.If you finish it fast，you will have more time to relax and do your favourite things.In addition，waiting until late at night will only make things harder because you may feel tired.
    Join a tutoring（家教） service near you if you are really serious about your grades.There are many tutoring services and if you can't find any near you，there are services available to the public on line.Tutoring services can be a great way to get extra help and can be a great way to prepare yourself for the tests.

Title：How to be a smart student
Meaning	You have to（1） excellent grades.
（2）	（3） most of your time in studying and reviewing what your teacher has covered.
	?Note what your teacher（4） in class and study it soon afterwards. ?Study your notes in case the information （5） on the test paper.
	?Be（6） enough to ask your teacher questions if you have any problems. ?If you have questions but don't ask for help，you will not（7） the knowledge well.
	?Try to finish your study for tests before doing what you like（8） . ?Don't wait until it is too（9） to study because you may feel tired then.
	?Join a tutoring service or an online class，which can be（10） to you.

發(fā)布：2024/10/22 1:0:2組卷：0引用：1難度：0.3

解析

3．    Recently，four professors of neuroscience were awarded the Brain Prize for their life changing contributions to the research on migraines（偏頭痛），a disease previously not understood well.
    Professor Michael Moskowitz from Harvard Medical School，Peter Goadsby from King's College London，Lars Edvinsson from Lund University in Sweden，and Jes Olesen from Rigshospitalet，Denmark，were celebrated as the recipients of the Brain Prize，the world's most distinguished award highlighting achievements in brain research.The Crown Prince of Denmark presented the four professors with a grand prize of roughly 1.5 million dollars on October 25 in Copenhagen，Denmark.
    Migraines remain one of the most serious and common neurological illnesses millions around the world suffer.Studies show that women are three times more likely to experience frequent and intense migraines than men，and symptoms can last up to 24 hours.Typically，these intense head-throbbing pains are also accompanied by vomiting（嘔吐），dizziness and sensitivity to sound，light，and touch.
    After over forty years of research，the four professors pinpointed the major cause — chemicals released within the brain.Previously，the main causes of migraines were thought to be stress，pressure or anxiety.In 1979，Professor Michael Moskowitz discovered that headaches occur when thin nerves are found in our head and face to interact with a highly-sensitive membrane（膜） surrounding our brain，releasing chemicals called neuropeptides.These chemicals can then cause the blood vessels in our head to expand and also send pain signals to the brain.Later，research by Professor Goadsby and Edvinsson revealed that the specific neuropeptide which plays the central role in causing the intense headache is calcitonin gene-related peptide （CGRP）.Then，Professor Olesen's work further confirmed that CGRP is indeed responsible for the pain，rather than a chemical produced in the brain as a result of the migraines.
    The work by these scientists paves the way for developing more effective medicine.While past treatments can only temporarily stop the pain，scientists say that the newly developed drugs not only prevent migraines but also don't cause the harmful side effects patients had to endure.

（1）Who received the grand prize in the country where he works？

A.Jes Olesen.
B.Peter Goadsby.
C.Lars Edvinsson.
D.Michael Moskowitz.
（2）What do we know about migraines？

A.Migraines are a rare and strange illness.
B.All the symptoms of intense migraines last 24 hours.
C.Females' chance of getting migraines is higher than males'.
D.Vomiting，dizziness and sensitivity lead to migraines.
（3）What is the major cause of migraines？

A.Stress，pressure or anxiety.
B.A highly-sensitive membrane.
C.Chemical called neuropeptides.
D.Interactions between thin nerves.
（4）In which section of a newspaper may this text appear？

A.Medicine.
B.Biology.
C.Literature.
D.Psychology.
發(fā)布：2024/10/22 5:0:1組卷：3引用：1難度：0.5
解析

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