北師大版（2019）必修第三冊(cè)《Unit 9 Learing》2021年單元測(cè)試卷
發(fā)布：2024/4/20 14:35:0
第一部分 聽力（略）第二部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分37.5分）第一節(jié)?。ü?小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
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1．Historian Tom Holland is the award-winning author of Rubicon，Persian Fire and Millennium.He appears regularly on radio，TV and in print.His latest book Dynasty is published in paperback.He shares the books that changed his life.
Moominsummer Madness
By Tove Jansoon
What I love about this book，as a child and still today，is its mix of the fantastical and normal.On the one hand，it's about a family and their friends all enjoying themselves，quite happy not doing much.On the other hand，it's about characters that can change into strange shapes，magicians coming down from the moon and strange creatures coming out from the roof.That mix of the familiar and extraordinary informs all my writing.
The Histories
By Herodotus
By the time I was 12，I was attracted by Ancient Greece and Rome.At first，I found the early section of The Histories really boring because it's like a long story that never gets to the pojye.ait.In the second half I was rewarded with the stories I'd been waiting for，like the battles of Marathon，Salamis and Thermopylae.Over the years，I came to value the infectious curiosity of the first half and the description of the world in the fifth century BC seen through the eyes of this extraordinary Greek historian.
A Distant Mirror
By Barbara W.Tuchman
Tuchman's book The Guns of August won the Pulitzer Prize，but it's this slightly less well-known work that provided me with a role model for my own writing.Both scholarly（學(xué)術(shù)的）and interesting，it's a description of the 14th century in Western Europe and brings medieval civilization（中世紀(jì)文明）to life，transporting the reader back to the horror of the Black Death，the Peasants' Revolt and the Great Papal Schism.I felt I knew what it was like to die of the plague（瘟疫）or to have a sword put through me—real stories told outstandingly.
（1）What do we know about Moominsummer Madness？
A．It's both typical and imaginary.
B．It tells the writer's life stories.
C．It's undervalued by readers.
D．It features family struggles.
（2）How does Tom Holland find the first half of The Histories now？
A．It's quite stupid.
B．It's entertaining.
C．It's culture-centered.
D．It's hard to understand.
（3）Which book does Tom Holland admire and try to imitate？
A．The Histories.
B．A Distant Mirror.
C．The Guns of August.
D．Moominsummer Madness.組卷：1引用：1難度：0.6 -
2．When leaving school，I was pleased that my exam results meant that I could study engineering at university.But I also wanted to travel before starting my course.A friend of mine told me about the Schools Exploring Society，an organization which helps students take a gap year （a year between leaving school and going to college）.It has three foreign journeys a year，taking 16-20-year-olds on science and nature trips.I love being outdoors，and a mountaineering trip to Alaska was on offer.So I signed up（報(bào)名） immediately.
There was one problem，though.I had to raise a large amount of money for the trip.It was a big task，but I managed to make it.I washed cars，worked in a cafe and also sold off some of my old books，clothes and CDs.Then，just before starting out，I started worrying.Can I do this？Am I fit enough？What if I see a bear？
Seventy of us traveled to Alaska.The first two days after arrival were spent in a school hall preparing our equipment and five tons of food.Then we left for the beautiful Talkeetna Mountain.On the trip we dug paths and recognized plant species.Then we climbed a mountain that was over 6，000 feet high.It was tiring but exciting.
Looking back，a gap year was so right for me.I learned a lot about accepting other people for what they are.We had to help each other and it made me less selfish.My gap year has also made me more able to concentrate（專心）.Now，whenever I'm worried about anything，I think I did in Alaska—I can do this!
（1）We can learn from Paragraph 1 that the author.
A．hadn't taken foreign trips before
B．made the trip together with his friends
C．was not satisfied with his exam results
D．was going to study engineering at college
（2）What was the problem for the author？
A．His body was not strong.
B．He couldn't afford the trip.
C．He had no outdoor experience.
D．He had little time to prepare for the trip.
（3）The author may agree that his gap year.
A．was well worth it
B．got him interested in plants
C．made him fall behind others in study
D．helped him know more about himself
（4）What might be the author's purpose in writing the text？
A．To explain how to prepare for trips.
B．To advise on how to spend a gap year.
C．To describe his experience in his gap year.
D．To encourage students to do part-time jobs.組卷：6引用：2難度：0.5 -
3．A few good grades could develop a positive attitude—which could result in better grades down the line，a new study shows.The findings suggest that developing a positive，can-do attitude about math can help students master the subject.
Reinhard Pekrun，a psychologist at the University of Munich in Germany，and his colleagues followed 3，425 German students from fifth through ninth grades.At the end of each year，the researchers asked the students whether they enjoyed it—or if it angered or worried them.Students also were asked whether they took pride in their math achievements or felt ashamed.The scientists then compared the students' reported feelings about math to their grades.
It turns out that those feelings were linked with their math grades.The reverse （相反的情況）also was true.How kids felt about the subject in one year was linked to their math grades the next.Those who had gotten poor grades felt bad about math.And those who had dark emotions performed poorly.These associations between feelings and math grades showed up in both boys and girls.But girls were more likely to suffer from bad feelings about the subject."The likely reason is gender stereotypes（有關(guān)性別的舊框框），" Pekrun says."There's a stereotype that girls can't do math." That's not true.Large international studies show girls do just as well as boys in math.
"It does a lot to tell us how emotions might predict grades over time，（and how） doing well，in turn，predicts the emotions you're experiencing，" says Lisa Linnenbrink-Garcia，a psychologist at Michigan State University in East Lansing.This is the first time that a study has shown that the feedback（反饋） between grades and emotions can go on for years.
Teaching math isn't just about numbers and formulas（公式），Pekrun says.How students feel about those numbers—whether they approach them with curiosity or fear，also matters.Teachers can help by teaching concepts clearly，of course.But they also can help by grading students based on how much they improve over time.And it helps if teachers themselves have positive feelings about math，Pekrun says.
（1）What does the text begin with？
A．The results of the study.
B．The purposes of the study.
C．The processes of the study.
D．The background of the study.
（2）What can we know about the study？
A．It lasted as long as about six years.
B．It surveyed the students on math each year.
C．It focused on the positive feelings about math.
D．It ignored the effects of grades on students' feelings.
（3）What may result in girls' bad feelings about math according to Pekrun？
A．Their bad academic performance.
B．Their poor math-studying abilities.
C．No positive attitude toward studies.
D．Misunderstandings about their math abilities.
（4）What is Linnenbrink-Garcia's attitude towards the study led by Reinhard Pekrun？
A．Doubtful.
B．Confused.
C．Positive.
D．Dissatisfied.組卷：1引用：1難度：0.4 -
4．Each day，teachers in the classroom are becoming more familiar with students who are struggling to deal with a psychological phenomenon known as failure syndrome.For these educators，finding ways in which to connect and educate a child suffering from failure syndrome can be challenging.Because children with failure syndrome often are convinced they can not accomplish any goals given to them，teachers have found educating these students requires a unique and creative approach.As an educator，if you are struggling with students who seem to be afflicted with failure syndrome，consider these guidelines to improve the overall success of all of your students.
First，begin by focusing on the degree of complexity in the work given to the student.Often，students who feel they are a failure will commonly express confusion and disinterest when faced with overly complex tasks.The key to educating the children suffering from failure syndrome is to first raise their self-confidence.Therefore，educators should use tasks and educational tools that are less complex.
Beyond analysis of complexity of the academic curriculum，educators must also look at ways in which to reward and recognize a student for simply making attempts to achieve and complete assignments.Even though tasks may be wrong or complex，the child who suffers from failure syndrome must be encouraged to simply complete any assignment without regard to correctness.In doing this，educators can provide praise and support for the simple completion of a task.
Students who experience failure syndrome commonly will give up easily feeling as if they can not complete any assignment fully or accurately.If a child gives up on a science fair project because the results did not turn out as planned，the student should be encouraged to identify where the error was made and then arrangements should be made to allow for the error to be corrected.
（1）What is mainly talked about in the passage？
A．What is failure syndrome.
B．Educating students with failure syndrome.
C．The harm of failure syndrome.
D．What kind of students usually fail.
（2）Educating a child suffering from failure syndrome can be challenging because.
A．they have suffered too many failures
B．they don't have the ability to accomplish any goals
C．they can't get used to the teachers' teaching methods
D．they don't believe they can accomplish any goals
（3）What kind of work should be given to a student with failure syndrome？
A．Work of interest to him.
B．Work that is not very complex.
C．Work that needs special skills.
D．Work with high degree of complexity.
（4）What is the most important in educating a child suffering from failure syndrome？
A．Raising his selfconfidence.
B．Giving him more freedom.
C．Allowing him more time to practice.
D．Teaching him to think differently.組卷：3引用：1難度：0.4
第二節(jié)?。ü?小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
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5．Pollution Pollution happens when the environment is dirtied by waste，chemicals and other harmful substances（物質(zhì)）.Pollution is a problem all over the world.But it is especially bad in large cities with a lot of industries and cars.（1）
Wildfires，volcanoes，and industrial chemicals cause some air pollution.But most air pollution comes from burning fossil fuels（礦物燃料）.These include coal，oil，and natural gas.The burning of fossil fuels may release harmful gases.Air pollution may cause such diseases as cancer and asthma.It also leads to polluted rain that can harm living things.（2）Finally，air pollution damages the ozone layer（臭氧層），which is important because it protects Earth against harmful rays from the sun.
Causes of water pollution are easy to see.People dump（傾倒）garbage and dirty water into rivers，lakes and oceans.Factories or cities sometimes release poisonous chemicals，and other wastes into water.These chemicals may make the groundwater unfit to drink.（3）
Littering，or throwing garbage on the ground，is a form of land pollution.Litter can destroy the habitats of plants and animals.The buildup of dangerous chemicals in the ground is another form of land pollution.The chemicals may come from farms or factories.（4）They may even harm people who eat the polluted plants and animals.
Many governments，environmental groups，and ordinary people are working to control pollution.Governments have passed laws to keep people from releasing dangerous chemicals into the environment.（5）Instead they are getting power from the sun，wind，water，and other energy sources that produce less pollution.Many communities use recycling to reduce pollution.
A.Farmers use chemicals to help crops grow.
B.This type of pollution may be seen in big cities.
C.They also can harm fish and other forms of life.
D.These chemicals can spread to plants and animals.
E.In addition，air pollution may be a cause of global warming.
F.There are three main forms of pollution：air，water，and land.
G.Some companies and people are trying to use fewer fossil fuels.組卷：6引用：1難度：0.5
第三部分 語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分15分）第一節(jié)?。ü?小題；每小題15分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
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6．During high school，I remember reading about Junior Achievement（JA）programs and thinking，"I could（1）
do that." Economics seemed too complex for me，but our curriculum（2）us to take it.So I began my journey.Now，I can（3）and say，"Wow，I did do that."
JA programs help kids around the world（4）a successful future.Each program helps students connect what they are learning in school with their future in the workforce.
We began the weekly practice.Our advisers（also community volunteers）put in long hours（5）principles and strategies and helping us interpret data.Their（6）was what made JA programs unique，and was an immeasurable（7）.And there was another motivation：We could earn a trip to Disney World.
After hard work we（8）made it to Disney World.It was a（n）（9）way to end my high school career.
（10）came from everywhere.At the awards banquet（宴會(huì)），Mickey Mouse shook our hands.Our local newspaper ran articles.And the greatest（11）was to walk off the plane back home and see a crowd of（12）parents who burst into applause.
Although this experience will be among my best memories，a quote from the awards banquet is what I will（13）most about JA programs.The speaker discussed the difference between success and（14）.At first，the words seemed interchangeable，but then I（15）his point.To make it to Disney World and win was success，but to bond together，have fun，and overcome difficulties as well-now that is a real achievement.（1） A．ever B．a(chǎn)lways C．just D．never （2） A．inspired B．required C．a(chǎn)llowed D．promised （3） A．look over B．look around C．look down D．look back （4） A．give up B．worry about C．prepare for D．prefer to （5） A．imagining B．recalling C．reciting D．explaining （6） A．justice B．choice C．guidance D．a(chǎn)rgument （7） A．loss B．help C．risk D．distance （8） A．carefully B．patiently C．suddenly D．finally （9） A．easy B．fantastic C．romantic D．discouraging （10） A．Information B．Knowledge C．Problems D．Congratulations （11） A．change B．damage C．feeling D．dream （12） A．funny B．terrified C．proud D．puzzled （13） A．expect B．remember C．dislike D．realize （14） A．failure B．devotion C．responsibility D．a(chǎn)chievement （15） A．continued B．destroyed C．understood D．praised 組卷：4引用：1難度：0.5
第四部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分15.0分）第一節(jié) 單詞拼寫（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15.0分）根據(jù)句意及所給首字母或者括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語(yǔ)提示寫出下列單詞。
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17．There is no point
（爭(zhēng)論） with him，for he is such a stubborn man.組卷：0引用：1難度：0.8
第二節(jié) 概要寫作（滿分25分）
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18．閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。
In places like California，the Rocky Mountains，and the Southern United States，wildfires are an unavoidable reality.
Wildfires can cause damage to property and human life，but they have many beneficial effects on native vegetation（植被），animals，and ecosystems that have evolved with fires.The forests，including pine barrens，lodgepole pine forests and many more，require fires to reproduce because the trees in the forest are adapted to only produce seeds following a major fire event.Therefore，without them many of these forest types would decline.
A fire renews the watershed（集水區(qū)）in ways including，but not limited to，recycling of nutrients，increasing food sources for fish in streams，supplement to stream-side vegetation，spread of fire-adapted plants，etc.jye.ai to mention renewal of the soil chemistry which is vital to the forest and the watershed.The basis is that of someone who has studied wildfires and streams since the 1988 Yellowstone wildfires.The science backs up how natural wildfires can be favorable through research publication after publication.
It's like "resetting the clock" on the ecosystem，allowing the forest to function smoothly all over again for another 200 years.By the way，a stand burning fire such as the Yellowstone fires of 1988 also results in the landscape of younger forest mends which act to reduce the spread of future wildfires and can stop a major wildfire in its tracks.
The bottom line is that we may need today's natural wildfires to prevent more serious catastrophic fire events in the future.That lesson was learned in Yellowstone in 1988 which was a year of disastrous large-scale fires after more than 50 years of fire suppression（壓制）．組卷：1引用：1難度：0.4