2022-2023學年廣東省廣州市番禺區(qū)高一（下）開學英語試卷

第一部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分37.5分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

• 1．My 14-year-old son has been attracted by fantasy adventure novels since primary school.When asked why during a talk，he explained that those stories get imagination going，making himself think more about the world.The talk with him encourages me to recommend four wonderful books to teens.
     Kiki Kallira Breaks a Kingdom
     Kiki Kallira has always been a worrier.When her anxiety has been getting out of control，one thing that always makes her feel better is drawing.Kiki keeps drawing and her sketchbook is full of fanciful characters of Indian legends（傳說）her mother has told her since childhood.When her drawings come to life，she enters the fantasy world she created to save her real world.
     Clarice the Brave
     Topics of friendship，family，and overcoming previous prejudices are at the heart of this animal adventure tale.A young mouse，Clarice，gets separated from her brother Charles after a fight in the ship.Clarice finds herself on a lifeboat while Charles remains on the ship.As struggling to find each other across the sea，they learn the true meaning of bravery.
     The Phantom Tollbooth
     When Milo gets bored，he goes through a tollbooth that strangely appears in his room which magically leads him to meet new friends like Tock and go on the adventure-filled exploration of a lifetime.Full of humorous and figurative puns （雙關語），the tale interests today's young readers.
     Circus Mirandus
     Micah wants to help his dying grandfather reconnect with the magical Circus Mirandus that he remembers from his youth.Micah believes his grandfather's stories and sets out to find Light Bender，a circus member who promised a miracle （奇跡）to his grandfather.This story perfectly mixes fantasy with true emotions related to family and friendship.
  
  （1）Why does Kiki love drawing so much？

  
  A．To help easy off her worry.
  C．To deeply fire her imagination.
  B．To show her love for legends.
  D．To better understand the world.
  （2）What may young readers of The Phantom Tollbooth find amusing？

  
  A．Its plot.
  B．Its language.
  C．Its characters.
  D．Its setting.
  （3）What do Clarice the Brave and Circus Mirandus have in common？

  
  A．The solution for dealing with prejudices.
  B．The focus on family reunions.
  C．The discussion on family and friendship.
  D．The topic of something magic.
  組卷：4引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

• 2．Vincent Willem van Gogh is a great Dutch pajye.aiter.In 2017 one of his paintings was sold for ﹩ 81 million.2021 seemed to be Vincent Willem van Gogh's year.There were at least five different exhibits in nearly 40 U.S.jye.ai regarding his works.It's very surprising to know he sold only a few paintings in his lifetime，for only little profit（利潤）.How did this now-famous painter fail to escape attention after his death？It was probably thanks to a woman.
     Six months after Van Gogh died，his beloved brother Theo passed away，who had expected to make his brother's works well-known.Fortunately，Theo's wife Johanna van Gogh-Bonge，as an English teacher at two different girls' schools before her marriage，was left with their son and a sizable art collection.She decided to help Theo's wishes come true. "During her lifetime，she devoted herself to raising awareness of Vincent's art and letters，" says Luijten，the author of Johanna's lifetime story.
     Johanna tried all her best to improve Van Gogh's name.To do this，she chose some of his works to sell and encouraged writers and art critics to write about his paintings though she was refused many times.Johanna didn't lose heart.She lent some pieces to well-known museums and organized countless exhibitions and sales. "One of Johanna's major achievements was the organization of an exhibition at the Stedelijk Museum in 1905，where she collected no less than 484 of Van Gogh's works.A Van Gogh exhibition of this size would never again be matched，" Luijten explains.Another particular move happened in 1914 when Johanna published Van Gogh's letters.Theo had kept hundreds of letters. "This was of great importance，as following the publication of the letters，the appreciation of Van Gogh as an artist increased further，" says Luijten.
     "There's little doubt that although Van Gogh was great，he wouldn't be remembered to the level seen today without the influence of Johanna." said Luijten.
  
  （1）What appears unbelievable about Vincent van Gogh according to the author？

  
  A．His paintings being sold at such an amazingly high price.
  B．His attending many different art exhibitions worldwide.
  C．His becoming well-known because of a woman's efforts.
  D．His paintings bringing little money for him in his lifetime.
  （2）What can we know about Johanna from the text？

  
  A．She married Theo in 1905.
  C．She was a famous painting collector.
  B．She was creative with a strong will.
  D．She was once a teacher in an art school.
  （3）What does Luijten mainly stress through his words in the last paragraph？

  
  A．The greatness of Van Gogh's.
  B．The challenge faced by Johanna.
  C．His appreciation of Johanna's efforts.
  D．His doubt about Van Gogh's influence.
  （4）What does this text mainly talk about？

  
  A．The great life story of Van Gogh.
  B．The woman making Van Gogh known.
  C．The contribution of Van Gogh's brother.
  D．The popularity of Van Gogh's paintings.
  組卷：4引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．As I'm writing this on an unusually warm Sunday afternoon in the shade of our plum tree，I'm wearing old jeans and an old cotton shirt.They feel familiar and comfortable.I love them dearly.
     Yet before I go out for a walk，you can be sure that I'll change into something more graceful.I don't want the neighbors to see me in these Sunday casual（休閑的）clothes.
     It's not news to anyone that we judge （評判） others based on their clothes.In general，studies find that people prefer clothing that matches expectations - surgeons in scrubs （手術衣） and little boys in blue.The old advice of dressing for the job you want，not the job you have，may have its roots in more than simply how others think of you - many studies show that the proper clothes you wear can positively affect you mentally and physically.
     Such findings about so-called "enclothed cognition" （穿衣認知） are mostly from small studies in the lab that have not yet been investigated or verified in the real world.However，a growing body of research suggests that there is something biological happening when we put on a smart and stylish outfit and feel like a new person.
     If you want to be a person with big ideas at work，dress properly.A paper in Social Psychological and Personality Science asked subjects to change into formal or casual clothing before cognitive tests.Wearing formal business clothes increased abstract （抽象的）thinking-an important part of creativity and long-term planning.The experiments suggest the effect is related to feelings of power.
     For a better focus，get dressed like a doctor.In research published in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology，subjects made half as many mistakes in an attention-demanding task when wearing a white lab coat.In another attention task，those who were told their lab coat was a doctor's coat performed better than either those who were told it was a painter's coat or those who only saw a doctor's coat on show.
  
  （1）What can we learn about the author？

  
  A．She likes changing clothes constantly.
  B．She enjoys working out with neighbors.
  C．She prefers comfortable clothes at home.
  D．She'd like to look casual in public places.
  （2）What general impression about clothing is presented in Paragraph 2？

  
  A．It's beneficial to dress properly.
  B．It's important to dress in new clothes.
  C．It's impossible to meet others' expectations.
  D．It's unnecessary to relate others to their clothing.
  （3）What does the underlined word "verified" in Paragraph 3 probably mean？

  
  A．Shared.
  B．Measured.
  C．Disagreed.
  D．Identified.
  （4）Which of the following is the best title for the text？

  
  A．Dress for success.
  C．Clothes and fashion.
  B．Put on white coats.
  D．Clothes and personality.
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 4．Honeybees can't swim，and when their wings get wet，they can't fly.But one study shows that honeybees do have another，less obvious choice to save them from death in the water：surfing.
     The discovery began with a lucky accident.When research engineer Chris Roh passed by Caltech's Millikan Pond，he saw a honeybee resting in the water，and since it was midday，the honeybee's shadow （影子） fell directly on the bottom of the pond.However，what really caught his eye was the waves created by the honeybee's wings，as the waves from one wing crashed with those from the other wing.
     Roh brought honeybees to the lab，where he recreated the conditions，he saw at Mfillikan Pond.He placed a bee in a pan of still water and then shone filtered （過濾的） light from above to pretend it was the midday sun.He did this with 33 bees，but only for a few minutes one single bee at a time，and then gave each bee time to recover.
     While water prevents a bee from flying by clinging （緊附） to its wings，the same condition obviously provides another way for the bee to escape.The bee pulls water with its wings，creating waves that can push it forward.
     But there are some limitations.Obviously，the bees can't produce enough force to get them out of the water.However，the wave can push them forward enough to the edge of the water，where they can then climb out and fly away.This behavior is more tiring than flying，and Roh guesses the bees can only hold it for about 10 minutes before using up their strength，so the chances to get out may，be limited.
     "This behavior has never been recorded in other insects，" Roh added.This study focused on honeybees，but future studies could investigate whether it is also used by other bee groups or possibly even by other winged insects.
  
  （1）According to the new study，what helps honeybees avoid death in water？

  
  A．The crash between their wings.
  C．The strong will to get out of water.
  B．The water clinging to their bodies.
  D．The waves produced by their wings.
  （2）Why was filtered light used in the lab probably？

  
  A．To help the honeybees recover quickly.
  B．To make the honeybees gain more force.
  C．To keep the honeybees in warm conditions.
  D．To create a shadow on the bottom of the pan.
  （3）How are the limitations of the honeybees' way presented in paragraph 5？

  
  A．By using examples.
  B．By giving explanations.
  C．By making a comparison.
  D．By listing specific numbers.
  （4）What can be inferred from the last paragraph？

  
  A．No insects can surf other than honeybees.
  B．More methods will be used to study insects.
  C．Researches will be done into other bee species.
  D．Bees made more and more scientists concerned.
  組卷：8引用：5難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié)七選五（共1小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

• 5．Translation is a very important tool for effective communication.A common way of getting any translation done is to turn to human translators.However，machine translators have developed rapidly in recent years.Many people say they will take the place of human translators soon.（1）

  
     Machines may fail to understand culture properly.Different cultures have different words that are unique to that specific，culture.Machines cannot understand or recognize idioms，slang，and allusions（典故）.（2）

  By contrast，human translators can find the suitable equivalent （對應物） in the target language based on the cultural background.
     （3）

  In different languages，there are words with various meanings，which can be a problem for machine translators.These words have to be placed in context to decide their true meanings，and in many cases only human translators can do this.If you run a document with this kind of words through a machine translator，it may lead to incorrect translations.
     It is difficult to localize machines for different languages.New phrases are being developed in almost all languages.（4）

  If you feed new words into a machine translator，the machine might go "speechless" trying to come up with the most proper way to translate the strange words.Human translators，on the other hand，can pick up on the development in a language quickly.
     It's difficult for machines to recognize style and tone.Every written document has different style and tone.A document can have poetic，funny or persuasive style and tone.Machine translators may lose the intended tone and style existing in the original document.（5）

  And such a translation can hardly resonate （引起共鳴） with the person who reads it.
  
  A.Thus the result is a flat translation.
  B.Machines can't relate words to the context.
  C.It doesn't actually hold up for some reasons.
  D.Machines can't remember words of all languages.
  E.This is one challenge they may find very difficult to get over.
  F.Machine translators are unable to catch these changes in time.
  G.Machine translators are becoming more and more popular these days.
  組卷：15引用：4難度：0.5

  解析

第二部分 語言運用（共三節(jié)，滿分15分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共1小題；每小題15分，滿分15分）

• 6．Some years ago，I was invited to give a keynote speech at a high-level meeting.It was a great chance for me.I was（1）

  when I heard the news.（2）

  ，since I gave a keynote speech for the first time，I（3）

  I wouldn't perform well as expected.
     When I sat in the back waiting for my（4）

  ，I felt nervous about how people would see me.I fixed my mind totally on "me".I felt very uncomfortable.While looking through websites online，I read an interview with a famous psychologist（5）

  .He spoke about the pleasure of wishing others well and a wave of（6）

  swept over me.I recognized that the kindest thing I could do for myself was to（7）

  concentrating totally on "me" and instead try to be（8）

  to others.So I stayed focused on what could be useful to other people rather than how I was（9）

  .Surprisingly，my speech received great（10）

  .I understand that to get admiration，stop（11）

  it；to take care of yourself，you need to take care of others first.This（12）

  works for many people.It's also（13）

  that you need to be kind to yourself because if your sense of being happy（14）

  ，you're more likely to be patient，supportive，forgiving，and loving.
     Nowadays，it seems as if people are（15）

  in a vast web since each person doesn't live alone.No matter how good or bad it is，what you do to others certainly comes back to yourself.
  
  

  （1）	A．positive	B．disappointed	C．excited	D．sad
  （2）	A．Otherwise	B．Besides	C．Therefore	D．However
  （3）	A．feared	B．expected	C．predicted	D．promised
  （4）	A．chance	B．turn	C．dream	D．choice
  （5）	A．in exchange	B．on purpose	C．by accident	D．for nothing
  （6）	A．sympathy	B．warmth	C．pride	D．relaxation
  （7）	A．practise	B．stop	C．imagine	D．consider
  （8）	A．polite	B．blind	C．helpful	D．known
  （9）	A．coming across	B．giving up	C．figuring out	D．putting down
  （10）	A．praise	B．help	C．guidance	D．challenge
  （11）	A．changing	B．making	C．improving	D．seeking
  （12）	A．habit	B．rule	C．result	D．story
  （13）	A．true	B．easy	C．surprising	D．interesting
  （14）	A．struggles	B．changes	C．matters	D．increases
  （15）	A．trapped	B．controlled	C．connected	D．a(chǎn)rranged
  組卷：9引用：6難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié)語法填空（共1小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）

• 7．The FIFA World Cup 2022，which kicked off on Sunday，was held in Qatar.The Qatar World Cup is full of Chinese elements both on（1）

  off the field.
      China Railway Construction Company Limited designed and（2）

  （build） one of the Qatar World Cup's main stadiums，the Lusail Stadium，the（3）

  large） and most advanced of the high-level football stadiums.Specifically speaking，China's international engineering industry saw rapid（4）

  （grow）with a broad connection to the world economy.China Energy Engineering Corporation and China Gezhouba Group took par（5）

  constructing the super large impounding reservoir （蓄水池），offering clear drinking water to the World Cup.
      （6）

  overseas business unit of Higer Bus Co，a bus and truck manufacturer，based in Suzhou，Jiangsu province，delivered 1，815 buses to Qatar last year.More than 1，500 buses from China's leading bus maker Yutong，some 888 of（7）

  are electric，offer shuttle services for the thousands of （8）

  official），journalists and fans of different countries.
      A variety of Chinese items，（9）

  include） key rings，horns，flags，clothing and shoes from Yiwu ，Zhejiang，and Jinjiang，F(xiàn)ujian province，as well as fireworks from Liuyang，Hunan province，are（10）

  （warm）welcomed at the sports event.They are also popular in many overseas markets for their higher quality and lower price.
  組卷：6引用：1難度：0.6

  解析

第三節(jié) 單項選擇（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）

• 8．Look at the bright sun!It must be a fine，clear and calm day.（　?。?/h2>

  A．風和日麗的

  B．穩(wěn)定的

  C．冷靜的

  D．鎮(zhèn)定的
  組卷：5引用：1難度：0.7

  解析

• 9．Because of his laziness，he has only a slim chance of passing the exam.（　　）

  A．苗條的

  B．單薄的

  C．微小的

  D．纖細的
  組卷：9引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 10．Readers are required to observe the rules of the library and mind their manners.（　?。?/h2>

  A．觀察

  B．評論

  C．慶祝

  D．遵守
  組卷：6引用：1難度：0.8

  解析

• 11．Though we had made a lot of preparations，things just didn't work out as planned.（　?。?/h2>

  A．計算出

  B．鍛煉

  C．進展

  D．總計
  組卷：6引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 12．He was deeply affected by the news of her death，burying his head in his arm and sobbing（哭泣）．（　　）

  A．使悲傷

  B．侵襲

  C．炫耀

  D．假裝
  組卷：5引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié) 完成句子（共5小題；每空1分，滿分15分）請根據(jù)所提供的漢語句子意思完成下列句子，每空只填一個單詞。

• 37．地震過后一片狼藉，消防隊員們正在建筑物中搜尋幸存者。
  The big earthquake left everything in ruins，and the firefighters

  the buildings

  survivors.
  組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第三節(jié)（滿分15分）

• 38．假定你是Li Hua，你的朋友Tom進入高中之后，對如何積累（accumulate）英語詞匯感到困惑，請你寫信給他一些建議。內容包括：
  （1）積累詞匯的重要性；
  （2）你的希望；
  （3）你的方法，
  注意：（1）寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；
  （2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。
  
  Dear Tom，
  ___________
  Yours sincerely，
  Li Hua
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5

  解析