2022-2023學(xué)年陜西省西安市高二（上）期中英語試卷

第一部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分 40 分）第一節(jié)（共 15 小題，每小題 2 分，滿分 30 分）

• 1．Highest Mountains in the WorldMount Kilimanjaro
     Mount Kilimanjaro，a dormant （休眠的） volcano，is the highest mountain in Africa.Its summit is 5，895 meters above sea level.Located in Tanzania，it is the largest free-standing mountain rise in the world，meaning it is not part of a mountain range.Kilimanjaro is made up of three volcanoes：Kibo，Mawenzi，and Shira.Kibo is the summit of the mountain and the tallest of the three volcanic formations.While Mawenzi and Shira are extinct，Kibo is dormant and could possibly erupt again.
  Mount Everest
     Mount Everest is the highest mountain in Asia and the highest mountain in the world.Its summit is 8，848.86 meters above sea level.It is located in the Himalaya Mountain Range on the border of Nepal and China.The Chinese name is Chomolungma，which means "Mother Goddess of the World".The Nepali name is Sagarmatha，which has various meanings.
  Denali
     Denali is the highest mountain in North America.Its summit is 6，193 meters above sea level.It is located in the USA，in the state of Alaska. "Denali" comes from Koyukon，a traditional native Alaskan language，and means "the tall one".This name had been used for many generations and was used by early non-native researchers and naturalists.But in 1896，William A.Dickey，a prospector （探礦者），began calling Denali "Mount McKinley"，in honor of William McKinley，a presidential candidate at the time.
  Mount Vinson
     Mount Vinson is the highest mountain on Antarctica.Its summit is 5，140 meters above sea level.It is located in the summit plateau of Vinson Massif，near the base of the Palmer Peninsula in western Antarctica.Mount Vinson is part of the Sentinel Range of the Ellsworth Mountains.It was spotted from the air by U.S.jye.ai Lincoln Ellsworth in 1935.
  
  （1）Why is Kibo the most dangerous one among the three volcanoes？

  
  A．It is the highest of the three volcanoes.
  B．It is covered with snow all through the year.
  C．It is home to a great number of wild animals.
  D．It is likely to erupt again sometimes in the future.
  （2）Which mountain stands between two countries？

  
  A．Mount Kilimanjaro.
  B．Mount Everest.
  C．Denali.
  D．Mount Vinson.
  （3）Who was the first to discover Mount Vinson？

  
  A．A Japanese.
  B．An Australian.
  C．A Frenchman.
  D．An American.
  組卷：2引用：7難度：0.5

  解析

• 2．People generally like to pick out the best-looking fruits and vegetables when shopping for produce（農(nóng)產(chǎn)品），but Canadian supermarket chain Loblaws is attracting customers with badly-shaped and faulty produce at the price of 30% lower than normal-looking one.
     A trial run of the ugly food line，named "Naturally Imperfect"，began with only apples and potatoes to choose from.Consumer demand has been so huge that Loblaws is going to introduce more ugly vegetables and fruits like onions and mushrooms.
     All the produce that will be sold through Naturally Imperfect would otherwise have been used in juices，sauces，or soups，or have not been harvested at all.The director Dan Branson explained that this program benefited both food producers who would otherwise have to let abnormal produce go to waste，and consumers who could buy fresh produce at low prices.And he was right，given how popular the line has become.
     "It really went well beyond our expectation，" Branson said. "I think it really spoke to the fact that Canadians are out there really looking for some options."
     Of course，Canadians know that beauty is more than skin deep，and they also recognize that they can get the same flavor and nutritional benefits in spite of appearances.The positive response（響應(yīng)）to the initial offering of apples and potatoes showed the opportunity to expand the line and offer more options at a greater price to Canadian families.
     "If you grow produce in your backyard，there will be a lot of produce that won't look as pretty as what you will see in a grocery store"，said Branson. "And nature doesn't grow everything perfectly.I'd like to think if somebody were to take a No Name Naturally Imperfect apple，put it right beside a No.1 apple，close his eyes and eat them，there would be no difference."
  
  （1）Loblaws is different from other supermarkets in that

  .
  A．more fruits are offered at lower prices
  B．normal-looking produce is forbidden there
  C．imperfect produce is sold at lower prices there
  D．only apples and potatoes are sold every day
  （2）According to Paragraph 3，Loblaws's program

  .
  A．prevents people from wasting their food
  B．happens to be a win-win mode
  C．teaches food producers how to grow
  D．enables consumers to eat more fresh produce
  （3）What is Paragraph 5 mainly about？

  
  A．Canadians are used to eating perfect produce.
  B．Smart consumers know the importance of ugly produce.
  C．Loblaws intends to improve customers' quality of life.
  D．Customers' support promotes the development of the ugly food line.
  （4）What do Branson's words in the last paragraph mainly tell us？

  
  A．We should eat imperfect apples with our eyes closed.
  B．The world is usually full of imperfect things.
  C．Imperfect fruits are as tasty and nutritious as perfect ones.
  D．The fruits grown by ourselves are more nutritious than those in the store.
  組卷：3引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century，perhaps the most far-reaching one has been the inevitable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.
     It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers.Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews.To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once considered suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.
     We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II，at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament（裝飾）to the publications in which it appeared.In those far-off days，it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered.Theirs was a serious business，and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly，like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman，could be trusted to know what they were about.These men believed in journalism as a calling，and were proud to be published in the daily press. "So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism，" Newman wrote， "that I am tempted to define 'journalism' as 'a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are'."
     Unfortunately，these critics are virtually forgotten.Neville Cardus，who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975，is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket.During his lifetime，though，he was also one of England's foremost classical-music critics，a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography （1947）became a best-seller.He was knighted in 1967，the first music critic to be so honored.Yet only one of his books is now in print，and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.
     Is there any chance that Cardus's criticism will enjoy a revival？The prospect seems remote.Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death，and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized.Moreover，the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.
  
  （1）Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the first two paragraphs？

  
  A．English-language newspapers with more arts coverage sell well.
  B．Young readers nowadays enjoy reading high-quality arts criticism.
  C．The criticism published in the 20th century lacked learned contents.
  D．There were more arts reviews in English-language newspapers in the past.
  （2）Based on the third paragraph，which of the following statements is TRUE？

  
  A．The newsprint was too cheap to make profits.
  B．Not all writers were capable of journalistic writing.
  C．Arts criticism was removed from the print newspapers.
  D．Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.
  （3）Why was Cardus's criticism no longer popular？

  
  A．Because he mainly wrote essays on the game of cricket.
  B．Because people cast doubt on his reputation as a knight.
  C．Because his music criticism failed to appeal to readers nowadays.
  D．Because his works were quite amateur rather than professional.
  （4）Which of the following is the best title for this passage？

  
  A．The Distinguished Critics in Memory.
  B．The Lost Horizon in Newspapers.
  C．The Shortage of Literary Geniuses.
  D．The Newspapers of the Good Old Days.
  組卷：9引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

• 4．The environmental practices of big businesses are shaped by a fundamental fact that offends our sense of justice.A business may maximize the amount of money it makes by damaging the environment and hurting people.When government regulation is effective，and the public is environmentally aware，environmentally clean big businesses may out-compete dirty ones，but the reverse is likely to be true if government regulation is ineffective and the public doesn't care.
     It is easy to blame a business for helping itself by hurting other people.But blaming alone is unlikely to produce change.It ignores the fact that businesses are not charities but profit-making companies，and they are under obligation to maximize profits for shareholders by legal means.
     Our blaming of businesses also ignores the ultimate responsibility of the public for creating the conditions that let a business profit through destructive environmental policies.In the long run，it is the public，either directly or through its politicians，that has the power to make such destructive policies unprofitable and illegal，and to make sustainable environmental policies profitable.
     The public can do that by accusing businesses of harming jye.aim.The public may also make their opinion felt by choosing to buy sustainably harvested products；by preferring their governments to award valuable contracts to businesses with a good environmental track record；and by pressing their governments to pass and enforce laws and regulations requiring good environmental practices.
     In turn，big businesses can exert powerful pressure on any suppliers that might ignore public or government pressure.For instance，after the US public became concerned about the spread of a disease，transmitted to humans through infected meat，the US government introduced rules demanding that the meat industry abandon practices associated with the risk of the disease spreading.But the meat packers refused to follow these，claiming that they would be too expensive to obey.However，when a fast-food company made the same demands after customer purchases of its hamburgers dropped，the meat industry followed immediately.The public's task is therefore to identify which links inthe supply chain are sensitive to public pressure.
     Some readers may be disappointed or outraged that I place the ultimate responsibility for business practices harming the public on the public itself.I also believe that the public must accept the necessity for higher prices for products to cover the added costs of sound environmental practices.My views may seem to ignore the belief that businesses should act in accordance with moral principles even if this leads to a reduction in their profits.But I think we have to recognize that，throughout human history，government regulation has arisen precisely because it was found that not only did moral principles need to be made explicit，they also needed to be enforced.
     My conclusion is not a moralistic one about who is right or wrong，admirable or selfish.I believe that changes in public attitudes are essential for changes in businesses' environmental practices.
  
  （1）The main idea of Paragraph 3 is that environmental damage

  .
  A．is the result of ignorance of the public
  B．requires political action if it is to be stopped
  C．can be prevented by the action of ordinary people
  D．can only be stopped by educating business leaders
  （2）In Paragraph 4，the writer describes ways in which the public can

  .
  A．reduce their own individual impact on the environment
  B．learn more about the impact of business on the environment
  C．raise awareness of the effects of specific environmental disasters
  D．influence the environmental policies of businesses and governments
  （3）What pressure was given by big business in the case of the disease mentioned in Paragraph 5？

  
  A．Meat packers stopped supplying hamburgers to fast-food chains.
  B．Meat packers persuaded the government to reduce their expenses.
  C．A fast-food company forced their meat suppliers to follow the law.
  D．A fast-food company encouraged the government to introduce regulations.
  （4）What would be the best heading for this passage？

  
  A．Will the world survive the threat caused by big businesses？
  B．How can big businesses be encouraged to be less driven by profit？
  C．What environmental dangers are caused by the greed of businesses？
  D．Are big businesses to blame for the damage they cause to the environment？
  組卷：4引用：5難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié)（共 5 小題，每小題 2 分，滿分 10 分）

• 5．Beating Burnout and Compassion Fatigue in the New Year This year has continued to bring many of us closer to the pain，suffering and exhaustion of those experiencing burnout and compassion fatigue （疲倦）.There is no doubt that 2021 has been filled with additional challenges.
     （1）

  
     The data is clearly showing that our workforce shares feelings of burnout.A recent Gallup report indicated that 67%of us feel burned out either some or most of the time.At an organizational level，Hogan reports that burned out employees are 18% less productive and 2.6 times more likely to be actively seeking a different job.Fatigue and burnout arise not when we fail to get sufficient rest but when we fail to appreciate the moments of purpose and joy in our lives.
     There are a few myths around burnout and compassion fatigue：
     Myth 1：Burnout is an individual's problem.
     Many people believe that burnout is about an individual who needs to "figure it out". （2）

  Team structure offers critical support and leaders should create environment where team burnout is addressed.
     Myth 2： （3）

  .
     Surprisingly，the individuals most likely to experience burnout are committed employees and leaders who love their job and are highly engaged.These top performers are the people you are most likely to lose.
     Myth 3：People who experience burnout are just less resilient.
     Research shows a correlation between higher levels of resilience （復(fù)原力） and lower levels of burnout. （4）

  
     But resilience looks very different now from five years ago，and my guess is that it will continue to shift.
     If 2021 has taught us anything，it is that we cannot separate burnout from our emotions，whether they may be fear，anger，shame or guilt. （5）

  
  
  A．While fatigue is more sudden and results from carrying the pain and suffering of others，what we experience is similar.
  B．Burnout results from lack of responsibility.
  C．Burnout hurts individuals' enthusiasm and passion.
  D．At this point，burnout and compassion fatigue has expanded into many aspects of our lives.
  E．But burnout occurs at different levels and is the result from challenges to individuals，teams and organizations.
  F．At one point，people believed resilience was established by "sucking it up"，or "just staying positive".
  G．And the path forward requires us to deepen the relationship with feelings of joy，passion，pride and fulfillment.
  組卷：12引用：4難度：0.5

  解析

第二部分 語言知識(shí)應(yīng)用（共 60 分） 第一節(jié)（共 20 小題，每小題 1.5 分，滿分 30 分）

• 6．Expressive arts therapy is a form of therapy that uses dance，drama，music，poetry，and art to enhance one's overall well-being.The arts are used to let go，（1）

  and to release.
     People have been using the arts as tools for（2）

  for many centuries.In the early 1940's expressive arts therapy became formally（3）

  and has since provided meaningful therapeutic（4）

  for people of all ages in a variety of treatment settings.There is no right or wrong way in the arts and clients are encouraged to be（5）

  with self-expression.Expressive arts therapy focuses on the（6）

  of making art and exploring（7）

  the piece means to the individual，（8）

  the final product.
     Through the arts，people can（9）

  ideas and feelings that may be hard to put into words，such as negative memories and stress.It has been（10）

  that use of the arts can help people develop social skills，（11）

  anxiety，manage behavior，and increase self-confidence.A free form of expression makes clients（12）

  of their own work by reducing the need to compare themselves to others，an unfortunate problem seen today.
     Expressive arts therapists are professionally（13）

  .Anyone can be an expressive art therapist provided that they get the appropriate training.Knowledge in psychology is（14）

  to all training，but from there training（15）

  includes getting a master's degree in counseling with specialized instruction in implementing （實(shí)施） the art，music，poetry，and dance/movement therapeutically.Some professionals extend their（16）

  and obtain a PhD in expressive therapy.
  （17）

  expressive arts therapy is unique，the clinical goal is（18）

  to other mental health professions.This（19）

  is to facilitate clients' growth and（20）

  change.
  

  （1）	A．a(chǎn)dmit	B．express	C．examine	D．trust
  （2）	A．explaining	B．proving	C．healing	D．judging
  （3）	A．recognized	B．relieved	C．a(chǎn)ffected	D．controlled
  （4）	A．results	B．experiences	C．causes	D．questions
  （5）	A．a(chǎn)ngry	B．bored	C．strict	D．free
  （6）	A．secret	B．technique	C．difficulty	D．process
  （7）	A．when	B．which	C．what	D．where
  （8）	A．a(chǎn)s to	B．or rather	C．rather than	D．other than
  （9）	A．communicate	B．produce	C．reject	D．test
  （10）	A．offered	B．shown	C．guided	D．driven
  （11）	A．create	B．feel	C．reduce	D．recall
  （12）	A．tired	B．proud	C．a(chǎn)fraid	D．unaware
  （13）	A．hired	B．served	C．a(chǎn)warded	D．trained
  （14）	A．basic	B．enough	C．impossible	D．strange
  （15）	A．finally	B．typically	C．luckily	D．hardly
  （16）	A．visit	B．life	C．education	D．money
  （17）	A．If	B．Although	C．Unless	D．Since
  （18）	A．unequal	B．friendly	C．known	D．similar
  （19）	A．goal	B．profession	C．clinic	D．theory
  （20）	A．unwelcome	B．seasonal	C．positive	D．cultural
  組卷：5引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié)（每小題 1 分，共 10 分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1 個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的正確形式。

• 7．Visits to Red tourism attractions are expected to rise this year as the Communist Party of China （CPC） celebrate sthe 100th anniversary of（1）

  （it） founding.Their increasing popularity will not only （2）

  （strength）people's knowledge of CPC history，but also bring significant economic （3）

  （benefit）. （4）

  （recognize） as one of the most important revolutionary bases in China，Yan'an is home to 445 memorial sites.The city's Red tourism market （5）

  （receive） 1.6 million visitors and recorded nearly 1.5 billion yuan during the past national day holiday.
      "I'm quite lucky that I was born after the founding of the People's Republic of China，but I never forget what my father told me about their hard life in the war，" Zhao Yanping，a 67-year-old visitor from Zhejiang province，said. "He told me to be grateful to the CPC，without it we could not live such （6）

  good life nowadays."
      Yang Guangyuan，director of Yan'an's publicity department，mentioned the （7）

  （big） attraction of Yan'an is the spirit， （8）

  has been passed down by generations of CPC members. "In the past 100 years，the CPC（9）

  （grow） from weak to strong，leading China's revolution to get out of difficulty." he said.The city now has its traditions well protected while looking forward to （10）

  （build） an energetic future.
  組卷：9引用：4難度：0.5

  解析

第三節(jié)（每小題 1 分，共 20 分）

• 8．The teacher's explanation

  （闡明） the puzzling problem．
  組卷：38引用：5難度：0.9

  解析

• 9．The police have completed their

  （調(diào)查） into the accident.
  組卷：1引用：2難度：0.7

  解析

短文改錯(cuò)

• 28．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
  增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
  刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。
  修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
  注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
  2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。
  
      The famous environmentalist，Professor Jin ，was invited deliver a speech in our school last Friday.He started with an universally accepted theory explaining how the Earth began.We were shocking that there were so many kinds of living thing on the planet long time ago.However，he also showed how the appearance of some species happened later.It was human activities that large changed the global environment.He pointed out we should attach importance to protect the environment.It decided that we were able to continue to live on this planet in the future.I was deeply impressed by her speech.I think of it is important to protect our only home.
  組卷：4引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

書面表達(dá)

• 29．最近你班將舉行一場題為 Life in the future 的討論會(huì)，請根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)，寫一篇一百詞左右的發(fā)言稿。
  （1）隨著醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展，人類的平均壽命將會(huì)達(dá)到 120 歲。
  （2）由于新能源的出現(xiàn)，污染問題將得到控制。
  （3）人們的日常生活也將有很大的變化。如機(jī)器人可以為你做家務(wù)；椅子的顏色能夠隨著你所穿的衣服而改變；人們可以到月球上去度假。
  組卷：3引用：1難度：0.5

  解析