外研版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊(cè)《Unit 5 A delicate world》2021年同步練習(xí)卷（Starting out 專(zhuān)測(cè)作業(yè)）

一、單詞拼寫(xiě)

• 1．Her task was to clone a

  （鼠）gene called neu.
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• 2．A suitable

  （棲息地）would be needed for the extinct animals to lead a natural life.
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• 3．The picture was surrounded by two plastic rings，a stuffed

  （企鵝），and a banana toy.
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• 4．Nushu was made as a national cultural

  （遺產(chǎn)）in 2006.
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三、閱讀理解

• 12．In the last 50 years，sea surface temperatures around Antarctica have risen by 1-2°C，which is more than twice the global average.
     Loss of species
     Global warming could basically change the ecosystem，leading to the loss of some species.Sharks are going to arrive in Antarctica as long as the warming trend continues，a bit more slowly than crabs-crabs are going to get there first，but once they do get there they are able to eat the organisms that live there.
     Professor Wilga said the arrival of sharks and shell-crushing bony fishes would lead to great changes in the number and proportions （比例）of species found there.
     Shrimp，ribbon worms and brittle stars are likely to be the most attackable to population declines.Animals living in shallow waters in Antarctica are unique on Earth today because they evolved（進(jìn)化）in a very cold environment over tens of millions of years.
     Extreme conditions
     In the course of a process we call Antarctic cooling that started about 40 million years ago，all major seafloor predators such as sharks and crabs went extinct in Antarctica because they were not able to deal with these extreme conditions.
     However，today global warming is removing barriers to invasions and we've seen recently that crabs，especially king crabs，are on the doorstep of Antarctica-they can potentially re-invade the shallow waters if warming continues.
     Urgent local and global actions are needed to protect this last environment and measures are needed to stop alien species being brought in through ships.
     Strange creatures
     Animals that live on the seafloor of Antarctica are some of the strangest creatures on Earth.The extreme cold and darkness has presented huge challenges to marine life over the passage of time，leading to the evolution of fish equipped with anti-freeze proteins in their blood.
  
  （1）How will these alien species affect the ecosystem in Antarctica？

  
  A．They will change the extremely cold conditions in Antarctica.
  B．They will change the numbers and proportions of species in Antarctica.
  C．The sea surface temperature of Antarctica will rise more quickly.
  D．The number of shrimp and ribbon worms will increase in Antarctica.
  （2）How does the author feel about the alien species' invasion to Antarctica？

  
  A．Worried.
  B．Doubtful.
  C．Satisfied.
  D．Excited.
  （3）Which is the best title of this passage？

  
  A．Creatures in Antarctica Are Unique
  B．The Extreme Conditions in Antarctica
  C．Alien Species Are Not Found in Antarctica
  D．Alien Species May Change Antarctic Ecosystem
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四、語(yǔ)法填空

• 13．Macquarie Island was a beautiful place （1）

  its native inhabitants，including royal （2）

  （penguin）， king penguins， and elephant seals，existed （3）

  harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years. However， in 1810， humans （4）

  （arrive） on the island with rats and mice. They quickly took over the island，eating birds' eggs and （5）

  （attack） baby birds. Cats （6）

  （bring） to control the rats and mice， but they also liked eating birds. Meanwhile， the exploding rabbit population provided food for cats， meaning that the number of cats also increased（7）

  （rapid）. This in turn led to more cats hunting birds. The end result was that parakeets，once large in number and native to the island， died（8）

  in 1891.
      A virus （9）

  （release） onto the island caused rabbits to decrease， but the cats，without enough rabbits to eat， killed native birds for food. Although all the cats were caught in 2000， rats and mice exploded once again. Besides， the rabbits' （10）

  （dig） caused some land to collapse and killed many penguins.
      A programme was started to tackle those problems. This intervention is a long process，but we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending.
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