2022-2023學(xué)年江蘇省南通中學(xué)高二（上）第一次月考英語(yǔ)試卷

第一部分、閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

• 1．Most people know that listening to music when they are feeling down or depressed can encourage their spirits.However studies have also shown that music，especially certain tones can reduce stress.Music can change brainwave patterns，deepen breathing，and bring on a totally stress-free and more open mindset .Using music to relax when considering a particular problem may not only raise your mood，but also could help you reach that "a-ha" moment and find a solution.
     Music has also been shown not only to make you feel good，but also，to be a great motivator.For example，during exercise，listening to music can keep you going，or get you to exercise more by helping you to ignore negative feelings of tiredness and focus on the pleasurable feelings you get from being absorbed in the music.
     Music is mainly used to record emotion.When we listen to a piece of music we share the artist's feelings on a visceral level.That can be sad，and who among us hasn't put on a painful love song to share in the misery after a bad break-up？On the contrary，we can share in the delight of songs of joy and happiness，or any song or piece of music that reminds us of a particular happy time in our past.
     So next time you are feeling down，put on Beethoven's Ode to Joy，I bet you will feel a lot better about whatever it was that was bothering you!
  
  （1）We can infer from the first paragraph that music can

  .
  A．benefit you in many ways
  B．promote you to find more questions
  C．change the patterns of your lifestyle
  D．influence your attention to a problem
  （2）When we enjoy a piece of sad music，

  .
  A．we'll share the artist's feelings deeply
  B．we may recall our miserable past
  C．we may be reminded of particular joy
  D．we'll show mercy on the artist's life
  （3）What's the best title of the text？

  
  A．What music means to a music lover
  B．Why people love happy music
  C．What kind of music is popular
  D．How music changes your life
  組卷：6引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 2．California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s，according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor （因素）.
     The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46，000 square miles of California forests，the new study finds.No area was spared or unaffected，from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles.In the Sierra high country，the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent；in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent.
     Many factors contributed to the decline said Patrick McIntyre，an ecologist who was the lead author of the study.Woodcutters targeted big trees.Housing development pushed into the woods.Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources （資源）.
     But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010，McIntyre and his colleagues documented widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.
     The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage.The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed，taking into account such things as rainfall air temperature，dampness of soil，and the timing of snowmelt （融雪）.
     Since the 1930s，McIntyre said，the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures，which cause trees to lose more water to the air，and earlier snowmelt，which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.
  
  （1）What is the second paragraph mainly about？

  
  A．The seriousness of big-tree loss in California.
  B．The increasing variety of California big trees.
  C．The distribution of big trees in California forests.
  D．The influence of fanning on big trees in California.
  （2）Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees？

  
  A．Ecological studies of forests.
  B．Banning woodcutting.
  C．Limiting housing development.
  D．Fire control measures.
  （3）What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre？

  
  A．Inadequate snowmelt.
  B．A longer dry season.
  C．A warmer climate.
  D．Dampness of the air.
  （4）What can be a suitable title for the text？

  
  A．California's Forests：Where Have All the Big Trees Gone？
  B．Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon
  C．Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests？
  D．Patrick McIntyre：Grow More Big Trees in California
  組卷：44引用：6難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．What defines an eco-house？There are two features to take into consideration.Firstly，the energy efficiency and carbon emissions associated with running the house，and then the type of construction materials used，their associated emissions and the raw materials required.
    At Baufritz，we have won awards relating to the sustainability of our houses.This is because as a company we had decided to put environmental stewardship at the core of our values way back in the 1960s.So how do we do it？
    Heating is the biggest emissions factor for any house.It is really rather simple to solve this problem - make a house extremely energy efficient and this will no longer be a factor.Ultra low energy houses have become known as Passive houses，where a certain set of design characteristics help to improve efficiencies.You need a very high level of insulation in the walls and roof.Glass should be suitably positioned to optimize solar gaintucmrr（heat from the sun）.The house needs to be very well engineered so no heat is lost through cracks or poorly fitted windows and doors.At Baufritz we manufacture Kit houses，and use Modern Manufacturing Methods in our factory to engineer our houses in such a way that leaks are minimized.
     We have also developed "HOIZ" insulation.Manufactured from natural wood waste products，HOIZ is placed between the inside and outside layers of our timber framed houses to create the highest level of insulation.Our windows and doors use triple glazing to minimize heat loss.Overheating is one of the biggest challenges Passive houses face and our architects use some very clever ventilation systems to manage internal environmental conditions.All houses still have energy-consuming appliances，but with the addition of solar for both electricity generation and water heating，the carbon footprint of the homes we produce are further reduced.
     Embedded carbon in building manufacturing materials such as concrete，as well as a historic tendency to send materials to landfills，results in a high carbon footprint and natural resource exploitation.Baufritz addresses this problem in a number of ways.Our primary manufacturing material is wood.We source from sustainable certified forests where felled trees are replanted.In fact，we believe all building materials should be as natural as possible.We say no to PU construction foams，chemical insulation materials，toxic adhesives and laminate flooring.A house constructed using only natural materials creates a healthy living environment for its residents.As all our houses are manufactured in our state-of-the-art factory，waste is kept to an absolute minimum.At the end of their life-cycle，our houses can also be recycled.Today，demolition（拆除）firms clearing the site for the new build are able to recycle nearly all of the building materials，therefore closing the manufacturing loop.
     My house is old，so why is this relevant？There are still lots of things which can be done.Improve your insulation.When your appliances expire，replace based on efficiency.Consider heat pumps instead of gas boilers and explore solar to deliver electricity and water heating.By designing and building houses to ultra low energy standards，and by using natural sustainably sourced materials and recycling the waste products from our manufacturing processes，we are able to deliver Carbon Neutral Houses.
     This means that the total carbon footprint throughout the life-cycle of each house is zero，which is why we call ourselves eco-house pioneers.All houses are prefabricated at our state-of-the-art factory in Erkheim，Germany，and then assembled on site.
  
  （1）According to the passage，which of the following is NOT associated with the sustainability of eco-houses？

  
  A．The raw materials used.
  B．Energy efficiency of the house.
  C．Carbon emissions released by house designers.
  D．Construction materials used and their emissions.
  （2）From the passage it can be inferred that Passive houses

  .
  A．fail to optimize solar gain
  B．need to be carefully engineered to trap heat
  C．use more energy-consuming appliances than Kit houses
  D．could have less comfortable environmental conditions inside them
  （3）Which of the following statements is true about the way Baufritz builds houses？

  
  A．House recycling is an additional service provided free by Baufritz.
  B．Building materials are obtained from factories to ensure their quality.
  C．Man-made materials are applied to reduce their impact on the environment.
  D．The houses are all manufactured in their factory so as to reduce costs and waste.
  （4）The purpose of the passage is to

  .
  A．a(chǎn)rgue for the necessity of eco-houses
  B．a(chǎn)dvertise Baufritz，an eco-house builder
  C．explain the underlying values of eco-houses
  D．expand people's knowledge of what eco-houses are
  組卷：18引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

• 4．Can you imagine digging in your yard one day and finding a life-sized soldier made completely of clay？That's what happened several decades ago when farmers in Xi'an，China，were digging wells．
     Archaeologists（考古學(xué)家） have since found about 6，000 more of these soldiers，along with horses，weapons，tools，and other artifacts．The huge army was meant to protect the tomb of the first ruler of China．The first emperor of China，Qin Shihuang，accomplished a huge amount during his rule．Between 221 and 210 B．C．，he started the construction of the Great Wall．He built a large network of roads．He introduced a new writing system，currency（貨幣），and a set of measurements．The emperor also ordered the construction of a huge army of life-sized terracotta soldiers．These，he hoped，would protect his tomb after his death．
     The soldiers in Xi'an's terracotta museum are today light brown，but they weren't always．They began as an army of red，blue，yellow，green，white，and purple．Sadly，most of the colors did not last to the present day．After being exposed to air during excavation（挖掘），the coating under the paint began to fall off．The paint disappeared in less time than it takes to boil an egg，taking with it important pieces of history．
     Now new techniques are starting to reveal the army's true colors．Archaeologists have recently discovered an area with more than a hundred soldiers．Many of these still have their painted features，including black hair，pink faces，and black or brown eyes．Chinese and German researchers have developed a special liquid to help preserve the soldiers' colors．After they find a soldier or other artifacts（手工藝品），archaeologists spray it with the liquid．They then cover it in plastic．Archaeologists are also finding colors in the dirt around the soldiers．It's important not to disturb the dirt，so the colors won't be lost． "We are treating the earth as an artifact，"says archeologist Rong Bo，the museum's leading chemist．The next challenge，says Rong，is to find a way to apply the colors to the army again．Once that happens，artists can bring Emperor Qin's army back to life in full，vivid color．
  
  （1）The terracotta soldiers were constructed to

  ．
  A．show the outside world about China's greatness
  B．be enjoyed by everyday people
  C．frighten China's enemies
  D．protect Emperor Qin's tomb
  （2）What is the main idea of the third paragraph？

  
  A．The soldiers lost their colors very quickly．
  B．The soldiers' paint fell off because of the high temperature．
  C．Visitors to the museum are not actually seeing the real soldiers．
  D．Being exposed to water is bad for the soldiers．
  （3）What have archaeologists recently discovered？

  
  A．A place with over a hundred soldiers．
  B．A written description of the soldiers' true colors．
  C．A special liquid in the tomb to preserve the soldiers' colors．
  D．A new tomb for Emperor Qin．
  （4）Which statement would Rong Bo probably agree with？

  
  A．The soldiers should stay in their current，brown color．
  B．Artists should be able to paint the soldiers in any color they want．
  C．Archaeologists can only guess at the soldiers' original colors．
  D．We should try to restore the army's vivid colors．
  組卷：11引用：4難度：0.7

  解析

第二節(jié)（共1小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

• 5．Dealing with water pollution is something that everyone needs to get involved with.Here are a few things you can do to help.
     You should never throw rubbish away.（1）

  .If there is none around，please take it home and put it in your trash can，especially at the beach and at the riverside.
     Use water wisely.Do not keep the tap running when it is not in use.（2）

  .If we all do this，we can significantly prevent water shortages and reduce the amount of dirty water.
     Do not throw chemicals，oils，paints or medicines down the toilet.In many cities，your local environment office can help with the disposal （清除） of medicines and chemicals.And you should buy more environmentally-safe cleaning liquids for use at home and other public places.They are less dangerous to the environment.（3）

  .If you live close to a water body，try to plant trees and flowers around your home，so that when it rains，chemicals from your home do not easily flow into the water.
  （4）

  .These laws are directed at industries，hospitals，schools and market areas on how to treat and manage sewage（污水）.In many developed cities，waste treatment is very efficient，and designed to reduce pollution of water bodies.
     There are also lots of organizations and groups that help educate people on the dangers of water pollution.（5）

  .They regularly encourage other members of their communities to have a better attitude to towards water.
  
  A.It is a great idea to join these groups
  B.Always look for the correct waste bin
  C.Use fewer chemicals to clean your home
  D.Also，you can reduce the amount of water in washing and bathing
  E.Check your local government's laws before you pour the dirty water
  F.Many governments have strict laws that help reduce water pollution
  G.If you use chemicals for your farms，be careful not to overuse pesticides（殺蟲(chóng)劑）
  組卷：10引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

第二部分、英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共1小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A， B， C， 和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

• 6．I started volunteering at a soup kitchen several years ago．The original reason I was going was to（1）

  community service hours for school．My plan was to （2）

  go there a few times and get my service hours，but it taught me a lot．The typical volunteer there served （3）

  to people．
     Basically，I was （4）

  serving bread and juice to whoever wanted it，which was a simple task．Some of the people were homeless，and some of them were （5）

  families．All of them were people in need of a hot meal and a place to （6）

  for an hour or several minutes． （7）

  some of them looked like they weren't behaving well，we always took care of them．
     The first time I went there was right before Christmas．For the people coming to the soup kitchen，it was not exactly a （8）

  time．It made me think about my happy Christmas and made me feel how（9）

  I was．Unlike them，I have a home and I don't （10）

  cold or hunger．At that point，I decided that I（11）

  wanted to go back there．I couldn't offer them much，but I could always offer my time and（12）

  ．The experience also gives me a feeling of （13）

  ．Whenever I go there ，people are（14）

  that I showed up again．They know my name and they know that I am more than happy to （15）

  them．It truly feels good to know that you can （16）

  someone's day．I've realized that the feeling of doing good for people can be a better （17）

  than any amount of money．You can't buy that feeling．
     I have never （18）

  a single second of my volunteering．It （19）

  me that dozens of cities have made it illegal to set up a soup kitchen．But I will continue my volunteer work and find more ways to show my （20）

  to people in need．
  
  

  （1）	A．reduce	B．a(chǎn)void	C．complete	D．cancel
  （2）	A．yet	B．just	C．even	D．still
  （3）	A．food	B．work	C．time	D．money
  （4）	A．tired of	B．worried about	C．responsible for	D．free from
  （5）	A．busy	B．serious	C．experienced	D．struggling
  （6）	A．hide	B．rest	C．live	D．study
  （7）	A．Although	B．If	C．Because	D．Until
  （8）	A．a(chǎn)vailable	B．strange	C．pleasant	D．painful
  （9）	A．wise	B．honest	C．curious	D．fortunate
  （10）	A．turn down	B．suffer from	C．pass down	D．learn from
  （11）	A．definitely	B．gradually	C．equally	D．hardly
  （12）	A．reason．	B．effort	C．chance	D．patience
  （13）	A．stability	B．guilt	C．loss	D．a(chǎn)ppreciation
  （14）	A．grateful	B．confident	C．proud	D．shocked
  （15）	A．change	B．leave	C．forget	D．help
  （16）	A．describe	B．waste	C．brighten	D．disturb
  （17）	A．reward	B．excuse	C．risk	D．mistake
  （18）	A．planned	B．regretted	C．forgiven	D．understood
  （19）	A．reminds	B．confuses	C．encourages	D．disappoints
  （20）	A．talent	B．concern	C．kindness	D．weakness
  組卷：62引用：4難度：0.3

  解析

第二節(jié)（共1小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容（一個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

• 7．In your daily life，there are many examples where your parents control hundreds（1）

  things for you when you are a kid，such as the clothes you wear，the food you eat，where you go and how you get there.It is a good thing.Kids need this kind of（2）

  （protect）and help because they are not old enough to take care of（3）

  and make decisions（4）

  （correct）.But with you growing（5）

  （old），the part of being a teen is developing your own identity—one that（6）

  （separate）from your parents'.Different attitudes towards events like partying may lead to arguments，because your parents will always want to protect you and keep you safe，no matter how old you are.As（7）

  result，your parents feel it hard to get used to the new situation with（8）

  （increase）anxiety（焦慮）.What kids should keep in mind is（9）

  your parents can relate to（理解） what you're going through because they（10）

  （be）teens once.
  組卷：8引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

第三部分、單詞拼寫(xiě)（共20小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分20分）請(qǐng)根據(jù)下列句子中所給首字母或中文 提示，填入合適的單詞。

• 8．We're excited that a satellite

  （weigh） 10 tons was successfully placed in orbit yesterday.
  組卷：3引用：1難度：0.7

  解析

• 9．With his work

  （complete），the businessman stepped back to his seat， feeling very pleased．
  組卷：3引用：3難度：0.7

  解析

第四部分、寫(xiě)作〔共兩節(jié)，總分35 分〕第一節(jié) 應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作〔總分15 分〕

• 28．假定你是李華。你從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上看到一個(gè)國(guó)際中學(xué)生家教組織將面向中國(guó)招聘兼職中文家教（tutor）的廣告，歡送中國(guó)學(xué)生參加，請(qǐng)用英文寫(xiě)一封電子郵件申請(qǐng)參加。
  內(nèi)容主要包括：1.自我介紹（包括中英文能力）；2.參加意圖（幫助別人學(xué)習(xí)中文和推介中國(guó)文化）；3.希望獲準(zhǔn)。
  注意：詞數(shù) 80 左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
  Dear Sir or Madam，
  _____________________
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié) 讀后續(xù)寫(xiě) 〔總分值 20 分〕閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

• 29．閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)和給定段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫(xiě)，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。
      "Today's test score will decide who has topped the class，so be ready，" announced Miss Natasha in the classroom.
      Miss Natasha got everyone's test papers，cleared her throat to announce the results and distributed the test papers among the students.Everyone was nervous about their scores that would be announced soon.
      Ali and Bob have been competitors since class one and each year either one of the two came first in the class.This year，there was tough competition between both of them，and they eagerly awaited the results.
      "Peter，98，" announced Miss Natasha as she handed him his paper，"Eric，96，Ali，100，Bob，99 ...and lastly Alia，95."
      When Miss Natasha had distributed the test papers in class，everyone found out that Ali beat Bob by one mark and topped the class.Everyone congratulated him and Ali was happy as he accepted everyone's congratulations.
      As Ali was about to put his paper in his bag，he noticed that by mistake Miss Natasha had given him two marks for an incorrect answer.He was shocked.He rechecked his answers and realized that all his answers were correct except for that one.Now if he informed Miss Natasha about it，he would not only lose two marks but also his first position.
      Considering the situation，he remained quiet and went home.But all day he kept thinking about it.Should he or shouldn't he tell Miss Natasha about it？He thought that it had been already done，and no one would notice if he didn't tell anyone，but then another thought crossed his mind.If he didn't tell the teacher about it and stayed the position-holder in class，he wouldn't rightfully take the position as it clearly belonged to Bob.
      This situation put Ali in a hard position.His parents always taught him to do the right thing，but doing the right thing here meant he would lose his first position.He remembered how everyone cheered for him and congratulated him in class.
  注意：1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150 左右；
  2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。
  Paragraph 1：
  He knew that by informing the teacher about it，he would lose it all._____________
    Paragraph 2：
  "My son，you are a brave and honest boy so just do what you think is right，" his mum continued._________
  組卷：8引用：3難度：0.2

  解析