1．You're sitting on the train home and the person opposite you yawns（打哈欠）.Suddenly，you're yawning with him，though you're not tired.
   This phenomenon confused scientists for years until a recent study found that people tend to sympathize with fellow humans.Supporting this claim was the discovery that those children who were unable to form normal emotional ties with others did not experience contagious（有感染力的）yawning，which showed that humans communicate regularly with out words.
   Hugo Critchley，a neuroscientist，has conducted an experiment recently，which will prove that happiness and sadness can spread like the common cold.According to Critchley，our minds and bodies are in constant exchange about how we're feeling. "Emotions are closely linked with states of internal（內(nèi)部的）responses，"he explained."There are also more visible changes in our gestures and facial expressions.When we're in a group，these signals can spread to another person.For example，there's the obvious tendency to smile when smiled at and there are less obvious changes that reflect emotions of surprise，anger or sadness such as a change in our heart rate and blood pressure."
   Hugo Critchley further explained，"Our bodies synchronise and when we like the other person，we ever copy his behavior.Next time you chat with a friend，take note of how you're sitting-it's pretty likely that you will be the same.Scientists believe it's our way of telling each other that we're partners.Through body language，humans give each other very subtle（微妙的）but clear signals that show emotions."
   So，what lessons can we learn from this？"Spend time with happy people-otherwise your health could suffer，"said Critchley."When we're sad，our body goes into fight or flight mode.But when we're happy，our body works normally and we feel relaxed and positive.So we look bright，our skin glows，we feel healthy and it affects everyone around us."

（1）According to Hugo Critchley， .
A．emotions are as visible as facial expressions
B．we yawn more frequently when we have a cold
C．emotions are connected with states of internal responses
D．the change of blood pressure is not linked with the change of emotions
（2）The underlined word "synchronise"in Paragraph 4 means .
A．move slowly
B．change rapidly
C．relax temporarily
D．respond accordingly
（3）From the passage we can learn .
A．sadness is as contagious as happiness
B．a(chǎn)nger is less contagious than smile
C．surprise is more contagious than smile
D．surprise is the most contagious among emotions
（4）Which of the following statements is true according to the passage？
A．Emotions have delicate influence on fellow humans.
B．Children like copying the actions of the fellow humans.
C．Scientists are still confused about contagious yawning.
D．People tend to communicate more with body language.

2．Back in the fifteenth century，in a tiny village near Nuremberg，lived a poor family with eighteen children．
   Two of the children had a dream despite the （1）condition．They both wanted to pursue their talent for （2），but their family couldn't afford to send either of them to Nuremberg to study at the academy．
   Finally，they （3）an agreement．They would toss （扔）a coin．The （4）would go down into the nearby mines and，with his （5），support his brother to （6） the academy．Then，in four years，the winner would support his brother when he completed his （7），either with sales of his artwork or，if necessary，also by （8）in the mines．Thus，Albrecht went off to Nuremberg （9）Albert went down into the dangerous mines and （10）his brother for the next four years．
   Albrecht's work at the academy was almost an immediate （11）．He had earned considerable fees for his （12）by the time he graduated．
   When the （13）artist returned home，the family held a dinner to celebrate his homecoming．During the meal，Albrecht rose to drink a toast to his beloved brother for the years of sacrifice that had enabled him to （14）his ambition．"Albert，now，it's your （15）．You can go to Nuremberg to pursue your dream．I will take care of you．"
   Albert sat there，tears streaming down his pale face，（16）his lowered head while he（17）．"No．I can't go to Nuremberg．It's too （18）．Look what four years in the mines have done to my hands！The bones in every finger have been smashed （粉碎）at least once．I can't even hold a glass to （19） your toast．How can I make （20）lines with a brush？"
   Later，Albrecht drew his brother's abused hands with the title"Hands"，however，people renamed his tribute（贊頌）of love "The Praying Hands"．

（1）	A．ridiculous	B．dissatisfying	C．frightening	D．hopeless
（2）	A．a(chǎn)rt	B．science	C．business	D．language
（3）	A．depended on	B．worked out	C．dealt with	D．picked up
（4）	A．elder	B．pioneer	C．owner	D．loser
（5）	A．protection	B．guidance	C．earnings	D．supplies
（6）	A．visit	B．serve	C．a(chǎn)ttend	D．found
（7）	A．studies	B．researches	C．projects	D．tasks
（8）	A．exploring	B．learning	C．laboring	D．trading
（9）	A．for	B．but	C．so	D．while
（10）	A．financed	B．a(chǎn)ssisted	C．charged	D．trained
（11）	A．success	B．surprise	C．response	D．interest
（12）	A．papers	B．reviews	C．works	D．shows
（13）	A．famous	B．young	C．careful	D．creative
（14）	A．change	B．a(chǎn)wake	C．a(chǎn)chieve	D．limit
（15）	A．time	B．chance	C．turn	D．choice
（16）	A．nodding	B．shaking	C．turning	D．moving
（17）	A．thought	B．screamed	C．scolded	D．sobbed
（18）	A．late	B．boring	C．hard	D．long
（19）	A．drink	B．return	C．a(chǎn)ccept	D．propose
（20）	A．delicate	B．simple	C．different	D．changeable

3．Every year in May，art galleries and museums prepare shows to honor Leonardo Da Vinci，who died in France on May 2，1519.He is remembered as one of the greatest artists and creative thinkers of all time.His most famous paintings are The Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.
    Recently，researchers have been studying a painting—Landscape 8 P which，they think，is Da Vinci's earliest-known artwork.They used special lighting to study the artwork and discovered there were two images（圖像），not one.One drawing is on the back of the piece，which dates back to August 5，1473.
    The drawing on the front was painted when Leonardo was 21 years old.It shows a river valley and a castle outside the city of Florence.There is little left of the drawing on the back，perhaps because it was wiped off.Only a bridge over a river can be seen.But there is writing on both sides.
   The writing on the front gives the date and goes from right to left.Some people would call this "mirror-writing".It's a way Leonardo often wrote in his notebooks.The writing on the back goes from left to right and tells about an agreement，probably to produce a work of art.
   Cecilia Frosinini is an art historian.She said，"Leonardo was born left-handed，but was taught to write with his right hand from a very young age.By looking at his writings，including from this drawing，we can see his right-handed handwriting is educated and well done. "
    Experts compared the two handwriting samples（樣本）and said they were both made by Leonardo.They show he could write well using his left hand or his right hand.
   The drawing is known as Landscape 8 P from its number in an art list.It will be part of an exhibit at Italy's Uffizi Gallery.The gallery director，Eike Schmidt，said by studying the drawing researchers gave us a new way of looking at Leonardo's drawing technique and his abilities in writing.

（1）Which of the following mentioned in the text has been studied by researchers recently？
A．The Mona Lisa.
B．Landscape 8 P.
C．Mirror-writing.
D．The Last Supper.
（2）What does the writing on the back probably tell about？
A．A statement about the painting.
B．An introduction about Leonardo.
C．An agreement to produce a painting.
D．Something about the city of Florence.
（3）What can we learn about Leonardo from Cecilia's words？
A．He could write with either of his hands.
B．He did bad in right-handed handwriting.
C．He wasn't good at writing with his left hand.
D．He taught himself to write with right hand.
（4）What's Eike Schmidt's attitude towards the research？
A．Unclear.
B．Indifferent.
C．Doubtful.
D．Positive.