Around the globe far more bird species are losing ground than gaining，according to an expansive review of a half-century of bird population research published in the journal Annual Review of Environment and Resources in May.
The review，entitled The State of the Worlds Birds，showed that more than 5，200 different species of birds—just shy of half the world's total —are known or suspected to be declining.Around 3，800 species are relatively stable，and fewer than 700 species show increases.Among birds on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species，almost 400 birds worldwide have had their conservation status changed for the worse in the past three decades （moving from vulnerable to threatened，or threatened to endangered）—five times more than the number of bird species with an IUCN status that has changed for the better.
"After documenting the loss of nearly 3 billion birds in North America alone （according to a 2019 study published in the journal Science），it was disturbing to see the same patterns of population declines and extinction occurring globally，" says review coauthor Ken Rosenberg.a conservation scientist now retired from the Cormell Lab of Omithology.
The review points to disappearing and degraded habitat—resulting from climate change，urbanization，agricultural intensification，and international trade—as the leading driver of bird declines worldwide.In a note of hope，the authors cite a 2020 study indicating that restoring just 5% of habitat in priority areas around the world could avert 60% of likely extinctions.
Lead author Alexander Lees，a research associate at the Cormell Lab，also points to the need for substantial changes in human behavior to prevent further losses. "Loss and degradation of habitat is often driven by demand for resources，" says Lees， "We need to better consider how commodity flows such as beef，oil，and seed crops can contribute to biodiversity loss and try to reduce the human footprint on the natural world."
（1）In what order are threatened species arranged on the IUCN's Red List？ BB
A．Species quantity.
B．Conservation status.
C．Declining rate.
D．Living habitat.
（2）How does Ken Rosenberg feel when saying the words？ AA
A．Concerned.
B．Relieved.
C．Doubtful.
D．Hopeful.
（3）What does the underlined "avert" mean in paragraph 4？ DD
A．Protect.
B．Increase.
C．Cause.
D．Prevent.
（4）What is the last paragraph mainly about？ BB
A．Extra reasons for bird extinction.
B．Possible solutions to habitat loss.
C．Substantial changes in human behavior.
D．The prospect of biodiversity loss.
【考點】說明文；環(huán)境保護．
【答案】B；A；D；B
【解答】
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發(fā)布：2024/5/27 14:0:0組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5
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1．Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world.We go fishing，sit in the garden，have a picnic，live in the suburbs or go to the seaside.The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk.When joggers jog，they don't run on the streets.Every one of them tends to go to the park or the river.
But despite this，our children are growing up naturedeprived（剝奪）.I spent my boyhood climbing trees.These days，children are robbed of the ancient freedom，due to problems like crime，traffic，the loss of the open space and strange new ideas about what is best for children，that is to say，things that can be bought，rather than things that can be found.
The truth is to be found elsewhere.A study in the US：families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD—Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder（注意力缺陷多動癥）.Those whose accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%；those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%.
ADHD is one of the great problems of modern childhood.One study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children.However，we spend money on drugs rather than on green places.
The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature.The increasing concern for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years.And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality.Even problems with crime and aggressive behaviour are reduced when there is contact with the natural world.
We need the wild world.It is essential to our wellbeing，our health and our happiness.
（1）According to the author，people enjoyto seek nature.
A．jogging on the street
B．running in the gym
C．shopping in the supermarket
D．sitting in the garden
（2）From the second paragraph，we can see that.
A．Children don't want to approach nature
B．children probably spend less time in nature nowadays
C．climbing trees will certainly do good to the children
D．children tend to be happier as a result of their material satisfaction
（3）In what way do people benefit from their contact with nature？
A．Children with ADHD can be cured.
B．Children's performance at school is greatly improved.
C．Problems with crime and violent behavior will easily be solved.
D．A garden nearby improves the quality of old people's life.
（4）what is the main idea of this passage？
A．Access to nature improves our life.
B．Nature treats children for ADHD.
C．Getting close to nature reduces crime.
D．Man can't live without natural areas.發(fā)布：2025/1/6 16:30:6組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5 -
2．It is widely believed that biodiversity（生物多樣性）is promoted to save species.But in reality species exist only as part of ecosystems and cannot survive unless their ecosystems are protected along with as much as possible of the diversity they contain.
Protecting habitats（棲息地）is important for keeping biodiversity.In 2003，over 102，000 habitats covering nearly 19 million square kilometres，or 11.5% of the world's land surface，were under some form of protection.Though this is a great improvement since 1962，when just 1，000 protected habitats were listed，it is still not considered enough to stop the ecocide that is endangering the world's biodiversity.
For a number of environmentalist，protecting the world's 25 biodiversity hotspots（熱點地區(qū)）is critical to saving habitats and species.But many hotspots are endangered already，having lost up to three-quarters of their original plants.
The poor state of most biodiversity hotspots results directly from population growth and migration（遷移） into these areas.A study found that by the mid-1990s around 1.1 billion people lived in these hotspots.Moreover，the annual population growth rate in these areas was 1.8%，higher than the global average of 1.4%.The PAI report concluded that human-related environmental changes will continue to put pressure on hotspots.Therefore，keeping biodiversity requires paying close attention to population size.
Protecting hotspots is not simply a matter of putting up fences and employing guards.The best results are achieved when local people are educated about the value of wildlife，and actually gain a share of the benefits from eco-tourism.Only then do they have a chance to see the benefits of protecting hotpots.
（1）What can we infer from paragraph 1？
A．The loss of any species can affect humans.
B．Endangered species are paid more attention to by humans.
C．Species can still survive when their ecosystems are destroyed.
D．Ecosystem protection is as important as diversity protection.
（2）What does the underlined word "ecocide" in paragraph 2 mean？
A．Ecosystem protection.
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C．Serious damage to habitats.
D．Habitats protection.
（3）What's the direct cause of the terrible state of the hotspots？
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D．The global average population growth rate.
（4）What's the author's opinion on protecting the hotspots？
A．It's simple to carry out.
B．It leads to the increase of tourists.
C．It's closely connected with local people.
D．It suggests that the local people are well educated.發(fā)布：2025/1/6 16:30:6組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5 -
3．International students who stayed in the US as their classes moved online during the COVID may be forced to leave，following guidelines of the US Immigration and Customs Enforcement published due to the pandemic（流行?。?
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（1）Why would international students prefer to stay in the US during the pandemic？
A．They couldn't delay the program for a year.
B．They can make full use of the library resource.
C．They wouldn't bring any potential danger to their family.
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（2）What do international students staying in the United States think of the new rule？
A．The new rule treats them as American citizens.
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D．The new rule treats them like low-level students in school.
（3）What is the government's attitude towards the new rule？
A．Favorable.
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C．Unfavorable.
D．Unclear.
（4）What does the underlined phrase "in limbo" in the last paragraph mean？
A．Horrible.
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C．Uncertain.
D．Unbelievable.發(fā)布：2025/1/6 15:30:8組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5
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