If you want to help children develop language and speech skills，UCLA researchers say，listening to what they have to say is just as important as talking to them．
The effect of a conversation between a child and an adult is about six times as great as the effect of adult speech input alone，the researchers found． "Adults speaking to children helps language develop，but what matters much more is the interaction，" said the study' s lead author，F(xiàn)rederick Zimmerman，an associate professor in the School of Public Health at the University of California，Los Angeles．The researchers also found that TV viewing didn't have much of an effect - positively or negatively - as long as it wasn' t displacing conversations between an adult and a child．
The UCLA study included 275 families with children between 2 months and 48 months old．They represented a variety of incomes and education．The researchers found that，in an average day，children hear about 13，000 spoken words from adults and participated in about 400 adult child conversations a day．
Assessed separately，factors positively associated with language development included each additional 100 conversations a day and each 1，000 word increase in the number of words spoken by adults and heard by children．When looked at alone，TV was negatively associated with language development．But，when the three factors were analyzed together，the only one that stood out was conversation between adults and children．
"The more a child speaks and interacts with an adult，the better idea a parent has about where the child is，" Zimmerman said． "Although it' s mostly done unconsciously，parents will provide feedback and correct mistakes．They'll also tailor their speech to the child．Parents can give a child words by talking to them about what they' re doing，such as，'I'm putting on your pajamas now'．But give your child the opportunity to talk，hopefully without the rest of the noise in the environment，" she added． "If parents can carve out some conversation time - maybe at bath time or at dinner time - that' s a wonderful thing．"
（1）The researchers also found that TV viewing BB．
A．could have a positive effect on a child's language development
B．had a little effect on a child' s language development
C．affected a child's language development more negatively than positively
D．affected a child's language development both negatively and positively
（2）Frederick Zimmerman would probably agree that CC．
A．parents should let their children talk most of the time
B．children should watch TV programs selectively
C．the conversation between parents and children should be two way
D．it' s no good for parents to correct their children' s mistakes when they are speaking
（3）We can conclude from the last paragraph that CC．
A．parents should let a child repeat what he or she says
B．bath time or dinner time is the best chance for parents to talk to a child
C．parent-child conversation can be carried out at any proper time
D．parents should leave a child talking alone
（4）What would be the best title for the passage？ AA
A．Talk with kids，not at them
B．Let your children voice their own opinions
C．How to develop a child' s language ability
D．The importance of early child language development
（5）The underlined word "tailor" in the last paragraph can be best replaced by DD．
A．control
B．improve
C．pass
D．adjust
【考點】社會．
【答案】B；C；C；A；D
【解答】
【點評】
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發(fā)布：2024/4/20 14:35:0組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5
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（1）What can we know about Burlington School？
A．It is open all year.
B．It is located in London.
C．It provides no accommodation.
D．It offers no social practice classes.
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2．Hi Judy!
You often complain to me that you always buy goods unreasonably on sale promotion（促銷）and feel it shameful after going back to your school dormitory with new things not needed，considering all the money you spend is your parents' income．
In fact，this is a common phenomenon，called impulsive buying，a buying unplanned and hard to control．It usually happens when a store offers discounts（打折）or sales promotion-a special way used by stores to get more customers，which means you may fall into its traps even without notice．
Stores，with a good knowledge of customers' psychology（心理），make use of it to drive business．Avoiding all the impulsive buying is a hard thing．However，knowing our psychology behind it and reducing the times when influenced by sales promotion may be useful．So you should keep calm when facing the sales promotion by keeping in mind what you really need．
Find out the conditions where you are likely to buy things blindly．When seeing a dress advertised at 20% off，do not concentrate on the discount，but warn yourself against falling into the trap of "saving money''．
Besides，do not forget the long-term effects of your choice when meeting a sales promotion．Short-term benefits，like excited feeling just after buying items encourage impulsive buying．But the long-term costs such as waste of money and the sense of shame really annoy you．When seeing the advertisements，remember what you really want to buy originally and warn yourself of that terrible feeling．Only in this way can you save money for really needed things．
Yours，
Rachel
（1）Judy felt it a shame to．
A．complain to others about the poverty of her family
B．waste her parents' money on unneeded things
C．buy cheap things at lower prices or with less money
D．rely on her parents for further education
（2）Which of the following is true of impulsive buying according to Rachel？
A．It is designed by shops to draw customers' attention．
B．It can be brought under control with the help of stores．
C．It is planned by buyers with the purpose of saving money．
D．It is done by customers without considering its bad effects．
（3）In face of sales promotion Judy is advised to．
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C．stay calm by thinking about what she really needs
D．take the chance to learn more about stores tricks
（4）How do buyers usually feel in the long run after buying discounted things？
A．Regretful．
B．Thrilled．
C．Relaxed．
D．Sceptical．發(fā)布：2025/1/10 8:0:1組卷：4難度：0.6 -
3．Ever since I graduated from high school I've worked in the factories surrounding my hometown every summer.However，making the transformation between school and full-time blue-collar work during the break never gets any easier.For a student like me who considers any class before noon to be unacceptable，getting to a factory by 6 o'clock each morning is suffering.My friends never seem to understand why I'm so relieved to be back at school or that my summer vacation has been anything but a vacation.
There are few people as self-confident as a college student who has never been out in the real world.People of my age always seem to overestimate the value of their time and knowledge.In fact，all the classes did not prepare me for my battles with the machine I ran in the plant，which would jam whenever I absent-mindedly put in a part backward or upside down.
The most stressful thing about blue-collar life is knowing your job could disappear over night.Issues like being laid off and overseas relocation had always seemed distant to me until my co-workers told me that the unit I was working in would shut down within six months and move to Mexico，where people would work for 60 cents an hour.
After working 12-hour shifts（輪班）in a factory，the other options have become only too clear. "This job pays well，but it's hell on the body，" said one co-worker. "Study hard and keep reading." she added.When I'm back at the university，skipping classes and turning in lazy re-writes seems too irresponsible after seeing what I would be doing without school.All the advice and public-service announcements about the value of an education that used to sound stale（陳腐的）now ring true.
My experiences in the factories have inspired me to make the most of my college years before I enter the real world for good.
（1）What does the author think of his summer holiday？
A．It was no holiday for him at all.
B．It brought him nothing but suffering.
C．It was a relief from his hard work at school.
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A．They do better in the real world.
B．They are confident when they work.
C．They think too highly of themselves.
D．They are expert at handling machines.
（3）What is the biggest pressure for blue-collar workers？
A．A low income.
B．The lack of security.
C．An unstable location.
D．Less break.
（4）How did the working experiences change the author？
A．He became responsible for his work.
B．He learned to be more practical at work.
C．He began to respect blue-collar workers.
D．He came to appreciate his college education.發(fā)布：2025/1/6 16:30:6組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5
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