Renewable energy projects，including onshore and offshore wind and solar farms，have so far been subsidized（資助）by government support schemes.This has led to some to complain that clean energy is pushing up bills.
However，the most recently approved offshore wind projects will most likely operate with 'negative subsidies' -- paying money back to the government.The money will go towards reducing household energy bills as the offshore wind farms start producing power in the mid-2020s.
This is the conclusion of an analysis by an international team led by Imperial College London researchers published today in Nature Energy.
Lead researcher Dr Malte Jansen，from the Centre for Environmental Policy at Imperial，said："Offshore wind power will soon be so cheap to produce that it will undercut fossil-fueled power stations and may be the cheapest form of energy for the UK.Energy subsidies used to push up energy bills，but within a few years cheap renewable energy will see them brought down for the first time.This is an astonishing development."
The analysis for five countries in Europe，including the UK，focused on a series of government auctions（拍賣）for offshore wind farms between February 2015 and September 2019.Companies that want to build wind farms bid in the auctions by stating the price at which they will sell the energy they produce to the government.
These are known as 'contracts for difference' or CfDs.If a company's bid is higher than the wholesale electricity price on the UK market once the wind farm is up and running，then the company will receive a subsidy from the government to top up the price.
However，if the stated price （規(guī)定價格）is less than the wholesale price，then the company will pay the government back the difference.This payback is then passed through to consumer's energy bills，reducing the amount that homes and businesses will pay for electricity.
The winning companies said they could build new offshore wind farms for around ￡40 per megawatt hour（MWh）of power.This was a new record set by these wind farms with bids 30 percent lower than just two years earlier.
（1）What does the passage mainly talk about？ AA
A．Offshore wind farms to be built in the UK could reduce household energy bills by producing electricity very cheaply.
B．Offshore wind farms will not be subsidized by government in the near future.
C．The importance of CfDs.
D．The operation of negative subsidies.
（2）According to Paragraph 2，offshore wind farms CC.
A．will stop producing power in the mid-2020s
B．a(chǎn)re paying money back to the government
C．will help reduce household energy bills
D．will all operate with 'negative subsidies'
（3）The underlined words "top up" in Paragraph 6 probably mean AA.
A．make up
B．take up
C．cover
D．fill up
（4）What can be inferred from the passage？ CC
A．The renewable energy projects will lead to some to complain that clean energy is pushing up bills.
B．The company whose bid is less than the wholesale electricity price will receive a subsidy.
C．The stated electricity price is now higher than the wholesale electricity price.
D．Fossil-fueled power will be soon produced cheaply.
【答案】A；C；A；C
【解答】
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發(fā)布：2024/4/20 14:35:0組卷：14引用：1難度：0.6
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1．Hi Judy!
You often complain to me that you always buy goods unreasonably on sale promotion（促銷）and feel it shameful after going back to your school dormitory with new things not needed，considering all the money you spend is your parents' income．
In fact，this is a common phenomenon，called impulsive buying，a buying unplanned and hard to control．It usually happens when a store offers discounts（打折）or sales promotion-a special way used by stores to get more customers，which means you may fall into its traps even without notice．
Stores，with a good knowledge of customers' psychology（心理），make use of it to drive business．Avoiding all the impulsive buying is a hard thing．However，knowing our psychology behind it and reducing the times when influenced by sales promotion may be useful．So you should keep calm when facing the sales promotion by keeping in mind what you really need．
Find out the conditions where you are likely to buy things blindly．When seeing a dress advertised at 20% off，do not concentrate on the discount，but warn yourself against falling into the trap of "saving money''．
Besides，do not forget the long-term effects of your choice when meeting a sales promotion．Short-term benefits，like excited feeling just after buying items encourage impulsive buying．But the long-term costs such as waste of money and the sense of shame really annoy you．When seeing the advertisements，remember what you really want to buy originally and warn yourself of that terrible feeling．Only in this way can you save money for really needed things．
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（1）Judy felt it a shame to．
A．complain to others about the poverty of her family
B．waste her parents' money on unneeded things
C．buy cheap things at lower prices or with less money
D．rely on her parents for further education
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A．It is designed by shops to draw customers' attention．
B．It can be brought under control with the help of stores．
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D．It is done by customers without considering its bad effects．
（3）In face of sales promotion Judy is advised to．
A．have belief in her own immediate decision
B．check the quality of the goods at low prices
C．stay calm by thinking about what she really needs
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A．Regretful．
B．Thrilled．
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Burlington School，London
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（1）What can we know about Burlington School？
A．It is open all year.
B．It is located in London.
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（2）Which school offers the biggest discounts？
A．Burlington School.
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（3）How is New School of English different from the others？
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D．It offers General and Specialist English courses.發(fā)布：2025/1/6 16:30:6組卷：0引用：1難度：0.6 -
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