The development of penicillin（1928-1945） In 1928，Alexander Fleming was spending several weeks growing bacteria in piles of dishes for his experiment when he noticed a dish didn't look normal with blue mould in．Much to his astonishment，the mould killed the bacteria surrounding it．After discussing the blue mould with mould expert C．J．La Touche who had his office below Fleming's，they determined the mould to be a Penicillin mould．Fleming then called the active antibacterial agent in the mould，penicillin．He continued to run numerous experiments to determine the effect of the mould on other harmful bacteria，Surprisingly，the mould killed large number of them．He found the mould to be nontoxic and contain a powerful antibiotic．
    In 1929，F(xiàn)leming wrote a paper on his findings，which did not get any scientific interest．His penicillin was still in his lab far from an effective medicine because the development of Penicillin as a drug faced two problems．First，it was difficult for him to purify penicillin to work as a medicine．second，he was．Second，he was not able to produce penicillin in the ample quantities needed to be effective．
    Fleming was praised for the discovery．but it was Howard Florey，Ernst Chain and their Colleagues at the Sir William Dunn School of Pathology at Oxford University who managed to tum penicillin from a lab curiosity into an effective drugs．In 1940，they worked with penicillin，Solving these problems and stepping up its large-scale production．
    The increasingly obvious value and demand of penicillin in World War II accelerated the process of its mass production．which began in 1944．The wide use of penicillin during World War II saved many lives．Without it，many people would have died due to bacterial infections in even minor wounds．
    Fleming discovered penicillin．Flopey and Chain made it a usable product with a nickname of"wonder drug"．All three of them were awarded the 1945 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine．

The development of penicillin（1928-1945）
The （1） discovery discovery of penicillin	● While growing bacteria for his experiment，F(xiàn)leming noticed something （2） abnormal /unusual abnormal /unusual in a dish，killing the bacteria surrounding it． ●The blue mould，which Fleming found in the lab by （3） accident /chance / coincidence accident /chance / coincidence rather than on purpose，was named penicillin．
The （4） problems problems with Fleming's further research	● Fleming had （5） difficulty /trouble/problems difficulty /trouble/problems making penicillin meet medicine standards of purity． ●He couldn't produce the desired quantities of penicillin to be （6） effective effective ．
The mass production of penicillin	● Two other scientists along with their team（7） succeeded succeeded in making its large-scale production possible． ●World War II Ty （8） stepped /sped/speeded stepped /sped/speeded up the process of its mass production for military use．
Significance	● Widely （9） used /employed used /employed to treat people in wart penicillin saved many lives that otherwise would have been lost． ●penicillin started post-1945 revolution of medicines，for which Fleming，F(xiàn)lorey and Chain （10） won /shared won /shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine for their work．