Men hunted.Women gathered.That has long been the common view of our prehistoric ancestors.But the discovery of a woman buried 9，000 years ago in the Andes Mountains with weapons and hunting tools，and an analysis of other burial sites in the Americas challenges this widely accepted division of labor in hunter-gatherer society.
"Labor practices among recent hunter-gatherer societies are highly gendered，which might lead some to believe that sexist inequalities in things like pay or rank are somehow 'natural'，" said lead study author Randy Haas，an assistant professor of anthropology （人類學(xué)） at University of California，Davis，in a news release. "But it's now clear that sexual division of labor was fundamentally different-likely more equal and reasonable-in our species deep hunter-gatherer past."
The burial site was discovered in 2018 during excavations（發(fā)掘）at a high-altitude site called Wilamaya Patjxa in what is now Peru.The woman，thought to be between 17 and 19 years old when she died，was buried with items that suggested she hunted big-game animals.
Although some scholars have suggested a role for women in ancient hunting，others have dismissed this idea even when hunting tools were uncovered in female burials.To examine whether this woman found at this site was an outlier，the researchers examined 429 skeletons（骷髏）at 107 burials sites in North and South America around 8000 to 14000 years ago.Of those，27 individuals were buried with hunting tools - 11 were female and 15 were male.The sample was sufficient to "support the conclusion that female participation in early big-game hunting was likely not unusual".
The findings add to doubts about man - the hunter assumption that informed much thinking about early humans since the mid-20th century. "They suggest hunting was very much a community-based activity，needing the participation of all able-bodied individuals to drive large animals"，the paper said.The weapon of choice at that time had low accuracy，encouraging broad participation，and using it was a skill learned from childhood.
（1）What does the recent burial site at Andes Mountains show？ DD
A．The origin of sexual inequality.
B．Hunting skills of ancient times.
C．The social system of prehistoric hunters.
D．Job division of hunter-gatherer society.
（2）Which of the following might Randy Haas agree with？ CC
A．Gender plays no part in recent hunter-gatherer society.
B．Sexist inequality is a natural result of prehistoric society.
C．Ancient division of labor might be fairer than we'd thought.
D．Public ideas of women's role will be changed abruptly.
（3）What does the underlined word "outlier" in Paragraph 4 mean？ AA
A．Exception.
B．Failure.
C．Role model.
D．Easy target.
（4）What might make prehistoric hunting a community-based activity？ BB
A．Lack of able-bodied individuals.
B．Imperfection in hunting weapons.
C．Better accuracy of females in hunting.
D．Need for large animals as food source.
【答案】D；C；A；B
【解答】
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發(fā)布：2024/6/27 10:35:59組卷：2引用：2難度：0.5
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1．British children's writer Roald Dahl ate chocolates and sweets "pretty much every mealtime"，remembers daughter Ophelia Dahl．
After dinner，whether dining alone or entertaining guests，Dahl would pass around a little red plastic box full of Mars Bars，Milky Ways，Maltesers，Kit Kats and much more．
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This was when Dahl's imagination took flight．He pictured factories with inventing rooms with pots of chocolate and fudge（軟糖）and "all sorts of other delicious fillings bubbling away on the stoves"．
"It was lovely dreaming those dreams…when I was looking for a plot for my second book for children．I remembered those little cardboard boxes（紙盒）and the newly invented chocolates inside them，and I began to write a book called Charlie and the Chocolate Factory．"
For the record，Roald Dahl did not like chocolate cake or chocolate ice cream．He said， "I prefer my chocolate straight．"
（1）What's the purpose of the first paragraph？
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D．To introduce some important characters．
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（3）What happened during the Golden Years of Chocolate？
A．It was a great time for children to get educated．
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D．Chocolate cakes and ice cream發(fā)布：2025/1/30 8:0:1組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5 -
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（1）What does Books On The Underground aim to do？
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（2）Which of the following statements is NOT true？
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（3）What's the author's attitude towards Emma Watson's leaving books on the train？
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D．pessimistic發(fā)布：2025/1/30 8:0:1組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5 -
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D．To share the author's stories of learning a new language．發(fā)布：2025/1/30 8:0:1組卷：5引用：1難度：0.5