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People have different ways of dealing with a common cold.Some take over the counter medicines such as aspirin while others try popular home remedies（治療） like herbal tea or chicken soup.Yet here is the tough truth about the common cold：nothing really cures it.
   So why do people sometimes believe that their remedies work？According to James Taylor，professor at the University of Washington，colds usually go away on their own in about a week，improving a little each day after symptoms peak，so it's easy to believe it's medicine rather than time that deserves the credit，USA Today reported.
   It still seems hard to believe that we can deal with more serious diseases yet are powerless against something so common as a cold.Recently，scientists came closer to figure out why.To understand it，you first need to know how antiviral drugs work.They attack the virus by attaching to and changing the surface structures of the virus.To do that，the drug must fit and lock into the virus like the right piece of a jigsaw（拼圖），which means scientists have to identify the virus and build a 3 D model to study its surface before they can design an antiviral drug that is effective enough.
   The two cold viruses that scientists had long known about were rhinovirus（鼻病毒） A and B.But they didn't find out about the existence of a third virus，rhinovirus C，until 2006.All three of them contribute to the common cold，but drugs that work well against rhinovirus A and B have little effect when used against rhinovirus C.
   ''This explains most of the previous failures of drug trials against rhinoviruses，" study leader Professor Ann C.Palmenberg at the University of Wiscons in Madison，US，told Science Daily.
   Now，more than 10 years after the discovery of rhinovirus C，scientists have finally built a highly detailed 3 D model of the virus，showing that the surface of the virus is，as expected，different from that of other cold viruses.
   With the model in hand，hopefully a real cure for a common cold is on its way.Soon，we may no longer have to waste our money on medicines that don't really work.

（1）What does the author think of popular remedies for a common cold？
C
C

A．They are quite effective.
B．They are slightly helpful.
C．They actually have no effect.
D．They still need to be improved.
（2）How do antiviral drugs work？
B
B

A．By breaking up cold viruses directly.
B．By changing the surface structures of the cold viruses.
C．By preventing colds from developing into serious diseases.
D．By absorbing different kinds of cold viruses at the same time.
（3）What can we infer from the passage？
D
D

A．The surface of cold viruses looks quite similar.
B．Scientists have already found a cure for the common cold.
C．Scientists were not aware of the existence of rhinovirus C until recently.
D．Knowing the structure of cold viruses is the key to developing an effective cure.
（4）What is the best title for this passage？
C
C

A．Drugs against cold viruses
B．Helpful home remedies
C．No current cure for common cold
D．Research on cold viruses

【考點】社會；說明文．

【答案】C；B；D；C

【解答】

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發(fā)布：2024/5/27 14:0:0組卷：0引用：1難度：0.7

相似題

1．When Mark Levine，an English-language instructor at Beijing's Minzu University of China，was first invited to attend a Chinese colleague's wedding in Jiangsu province in 2017，his second year in China，the California native was ready to present a small decorative gift for the new couple as he used to do in the United States．
   However，his gesture suddenly didn't seem proper as he realized the Chinese at the ceremony had red envelopes filled with cash to present rather than a packed gift．
   "It's a little bit embarrassing when you present something that people didn't expect to receive on certain occasions，" Levine，who used to be a social worker in the US，told China Daily recently．
   "In the US，people do that as well but only for close relatives．People would normally give things as presents，while here in China red envelopes are more commonly welcomed．"
   It was the first time the 66-year-old discovered the ceremony-including taboos（禁忌）-in gift giving．He was not alone，as the recent argument following a British minister's visit to Taipei，Taiwan，revealed．
   British Minister of State for Transport Baroness Susan Kramer presented a watch in January to Ko Wen-je，mayor of Taipei，when she visited the city，immediately sparking headlines as she broke a long-held taboo in Chinese culture．
  A clock or watch，or zhong in Mandarin，signifies "the end" in Chinese，and many associate it with death．Therefore，giving someone，especially an elder，a clock or watch implies "your time is up"．
   Kramer later apologized for the gaffe（失禮），but Ko was also blamed for his "rude" response as he told reporters that he had no use for the watch and would sell it for cash．
   However，some foreigners in China，such as Mark Dreyer，support Ko in this particular debate． "When I heard about the story，I felt embarrassed，" said Dreyer，a British citizen who has lived and worked in China since 2007． "After all， 'don't give clocks or watches to your hosts' is on page 1 of most China travel guides．I'm embarrassed by the lack of respect shown by the British for not even reading about the customs ahead of time．"

（1）What does the underlined word "that" in Paragraph3 refer to？

A．Presenting gifts．
B．Giving cash．
C．Attending weddings．
D．Receiving money．
（2）How did the public view Ko's response to the gift？

A．They considered it a smart move．
B．They believed he had no other choice．
C．They saw it as a rudeness．
D．They thought it proper．
（3）What was Dreyer's attitude to the British Minister's gift？

A．Negative．
B．Supportive．
C．Positive．
D．Doubtful．
（4）What can we learn from the passage？

A．Presenting red envelopes is a bad custom in China．
B．British know nothing about Chinese customs．
C．Americans don't expect to receive cashes as gifts．
D．Chinese don't expect to receive clocks as gifts．
發(fā)布：2024/10/27 17:0:2組卷：1引用：2難度：0.5
解析
2．Sometimes you may have a strong desire to do something strange or terrible．However，chances are that you don't act on your impulse （沖動），but let it pass instead．You know that to take the action is wrong in some way and that other people will not accept your behavior．
   Perhaps the most interesting thing about the phenomenon of taboo behavior is how it can change over the years，how certain behavior and attitudes once considered taboo can become perfectly acceptable and natural at another point in time．Topics such as death，for example，were once considered so upsetting that it was a taboo to even talk about them．Now with the publication of important books such as On Death and Dying and Learning to Say Goodbye，people have become more aware of the importance of expressing feelings about death and，as a result，are more willing to talk about this taboo subject．
   One of the newest taboos is the topic of fat．Unlike many other taboos，fat is a topic that people talk about constantly．It's not taboo to talk about fat；it's taboo to be fat．The "in" look is thin，not fat．In the work world，most companies prefer youthful-looking，slim manager to sell their image as well as their products to the public．The thin look is associated with youth，vigor，and success．The fat person，on the other hand，is thought of as lazy and lacking in energy，self-discipline and self-respect．After all，how can people permit themselves to become fat？In an image-conscious society，thin is "in"，fat is "out"．
   It's not surprising that millions of people have become obsessed （著迷） with staying slim and "in shape"．The pursuit of a youthful physical appearance is not，however，the only reason for people's obsession with diet and exercise．Recent research has shown the importance of diet and exercise for personal health．As in most technologically developed nations，the life-style of people has changed since last century．Modern machines do all the physical labor．Cars and buses transport us quickly from point to point．As a result of inactivity and disuse，people's bodies can easily become weak．In an effort to avoid such a fate （命運），millions of people are spending more of their time exercising．Parks are filled with joggers and bicyclists，and many companies are providing special exercise equipment for their employees to use during the work day．

（1）What does the word "taboo'' refer to in the passage？

A．A crime committed on impulse．
B．An unfavorable impression left on other people．
C．A strong desire to do something strange or terrible．
D．Behavior considered unacceptable to the society．
（2）What does the underlined phrase "in" look probably mean？

A．The fashionable look．
B．The hidden look．
C．The usual look．
D．The inside look．
（3）According to the passage，the common belief is that．

A．fat people are full of energy
B．thin people are more successful
C．fat people prefer to have fat bosses
D．thin people are less image-conscious
（4）People pay more attention to diet and exercise because of．

A．their need to kill time
B．their love for sports
C．their concern for health
D．their belief in hard work
發(fā)布：2024/10/27 17:0:2組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5
解析
3．People in Brazil mark Carnival（狂歡節(jié)）every year and it is considered to be one of the most important national holidays.It is not about a big moment in history or a famous person，but it is important for the people because it is a time of friendship，freedom，and many days without work.People can choose between parties and rest.Most people choose parties，day after day，night after night.
   Carnival is celebrated forty days earlier than Easter，but it is not recognized by the church.It lasts four days and four nights.People put on their holiday clothes and go out into the streets or to clubs to enjoy themselves together.
   There are also some celebration activities.For instance，samba schools make a parade showing their music and beautiful cars.They are followed by people.Every year the parade tells a different story，and each city has one or more schools like this.
   In the south the celebration of Carnival comes back to normal by Wednesday.The problem is that it is not recognized by the church in the northwest where the Carnival is more traditional.There，people do not respect its end and continue to party until the next Sunday.
   Carnival is my favorite holiday，but I do not agree that the party should keep going.Like at other popular parties，people drink，dance and have fun.Unfortunately，some people are not very responsible and give it a bad name，leaving a bad impression of this holiday，but it is the only national holiday that brings the whole country and its different people and cultures together.

（1）Which of the following statements is true？

A．The Carnival is the most interesting holiday in Brazil.
B．The Carnival is celebrated to honor a famous person.
C．All of the people enjoy themselves in public places during the Carnival.
D．People do not need to work during the Carnival in Brazil.
（2）From this passage，we can infer that the Carnival

.
A．is a favored holiday in Brazil
B．has a religious origin
C．is when people miss their ancestors
D．is when people present gifts to each other
（3）What's the author's attitude to the Carnival？

A．Objective.
B．Negative.
C．Positive.
D．Indifferent.
發(fā)布：2024/10/28 1:0:1組卷：5引用：1難度：0.5
解析

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