當(dāng)前位置：外研版（2019）必修1《Unit 2 Exploring English》2020年單元測試卷> 試題詳情

Putonghua is the official language on the mainland，but if history had played out differently，most of the people could have been speaking Cantonese．
    In 1912，shortly after the end of the Qing dynasty，the founding fathers of the republic met to decide which language should be spoken in the new China．
    Mandarin - now known as Putonghua -- was just a northern dialect spoken by the hated Manchurian officials at that time．While it had served as China's lingua franca（混合語） for centuries，many saw it as an "impure form" of Chinese．
    Many of the leaders，including Sun Yat-sen，were from Guangdong -- where people are open to new ideas．A great debate started and eventually led to a formal vote．Cantonese lost out by a small margin to Putonghua and the rest is history．
    While historians today still argue about whether this story is real，it is something Guangdong people love to tell．Many Cantonese speakers feel proud of their native language，saying it has more in common with the classical Chinese than Putonghua -- which is a mix of northern dialects heavily influenced by Manchurian and Mongolian．
    Linguists agree to some degree． "Cantonese is closer to classical Chinese in its pronunciation and some grammar，" Jiang Wenxian，a Chinese language scholar，said． "Using Cantonese to read classical poetry is a real pleasure，" he said． "Many ancient poems don't rhyme（押韻） when you read them in Putonghua，but they do in Cantonese．"
    "Cantonese keeps a flavor of ancient Chinese．Nowadays few people understand classical Chinese，so Cantonese should be protected as a type of language fossil helping us study ancient Chinese culture．"
Cantonese is spoken by about 70 million people in Guangdong，Hong Kong，Macau and communities abroad．
    In the 17th and 18th centuries，Guangdong was the only Chinese province allowed to trade directly with foreigners．Many Westerners at the time learned Cantonese．Up till very recently，there were more Cantonese speakers in overseas Chinese communities than Putonghua speakers．In Canada，for example，Cantonese is the third most commonly spoken language after English and French．

（1）What's the function of the first paragraph？
A
A

A．To introduce the topic．
B．To attraction people's attention．
C．To summarize the whole passage．
D．To show the importance of Putonghua．
（2）What can we learn from the fourth paragraph？
C
C

A．Most of the leaders are in favor of Putonghua．
B．Most of the leaders came from Guangdong at that time．
C．Guangdong people are more likely to accept new ideas．
D．Sun Yat-sen suggested having a debate to decide on the new language．
（3）Why Cantonese should be protected as a type of language fossil？
D
D

A．Because it's as important as Putonghua．
B．Because it is an ancient language with a long history．
C．Because nowadays few people can understand Cantonese．
D．Because it is very helpful when studying Chinese culture．
（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text？
D
D

A．New language，New China．
B．How Putonghua defeated Cantonese
C．The development of an official language
D．Cantonese almost became the official language

【考點(diǎn)】社會(huì)；議論文．

【答案】A；C；D；D

【解答】

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】

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發(fā)布：2024/4/20 14:35:0組卷：22引用：1難度：0.5

相似題

1．Has the volume in a restaurant ever made you finish your meal early？If so，you're not alone.Restaurants handle diners in various ways to influence food choices and consumption，from lighting to menu to server presentation.Unfortunately for those headache-prone restaurant goers，some places also choose to turn up the tunes and the background noise.
   Chef Mario Batali is often blamed for the phenomenon of very loud or noisy restaurants in the 1990s，when he decided to flood the dining room with the same loud tunes he was playing in his kitchen.And other chefs followed suit.Some restaurateurs felt a "livelier" atmosphere encouraged more customers to dine there，and a side "benefit" was quicker table turnover，thus increasing the number of people who could dine in a specific evening.
   A 1985 study out of Fairfield University looked at how chewing speed varied according to the type of music being played.Although the volume level was kept the same for both musical situations，it's important to note that fast-tempo（節(jié)奏）music often gives the impression of being louder than slower music.
   "A significant increase in the number of bites per minute was found，and the effect was largest for fast music"，the researchers wrote in the study.So，the faster，louder music gets people to down their food more quickly，relieving the table for future customers.
   There are opinions about whether or not this is a sound practice."A restaurant that places profit above dining experience often plays loud music with a fast tempo that puts diners under pressure to eat more quickly，even if that means they're less able to enjoy their meal"，writes Dr.Neel Burton in Psychology Today，adding that loud，fast music reduces appetite.
   What's more，some would-be repeat diners will shy away for fear of another very loud meal.The non-profit group Action on Hearing Loss found in a 2016 survey of nearly 1，500 people that 91% of those who view a restaurant as too noisy would choose not to return.

（1）Why did some bosses of the restaurants favour loud music？

A．It could increase the popularity of their chefs.
B．It was the favorite kind of music of them.
C．It made the restaurants softer and sweeter.
D．It might help attract more customers.
（2）What plays the most important role in the effect of music on diners according to the passage？

A．Its content.
B．Its speed.
C．Its length.
D．Its quality.
（3）What is Dr.Neel Burton's attitude towards flooding restaurants with noisy music？

A．Doubtful.
B．Positive.
C．Disapproving.
D．Objective.
（4）What could be a suitable tile for the text？

A．What People Think of Loud Restaurants？
B．Are Customers to Blame？
C．How Restaurants Improve Themselves？
D．Does Loud Music Really Benefit Restaurants？
發(fā)布：2024/10/25 17:0:1組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5
解析
2．The Torch Festival （火把節(jié)） is a traditional festival which is celebrated among some ethnic groups in southwestern China，such as the Yi，Bai，Hani，Lisu，and Lahu，etc.It usually falls on the 24th or 25th of June，with three days of celebrations.The festival came from worship （崇拜） of fire by ancestors （祖先）.For some ethnic groups，it's a tradition in the festival for elders to share farming experience with young people and educate them about taking care of crops.
   During the festival，big torches are made to stand in all villages，with small torches placed in front of the door of each house.When night falls，the torches are lit and the villages are bright.At the same time，people walk around the fields and houses，holding small torches and placing the torches in the field corners.Inside the villages，young people are singing and dancing around the big torches that keep burning throughout the night.Other activities like horse races are also held during the festival.
   In a horse race of the Yi people in Yunnan，torches are used to form hurdles for riders to get through.The Hani people in Yunnan traditionally tie fruits to torches with strings.When the strings are broken after the torches are lit，people struggle for the fruits for good luck.
   For the Lisu people in Sichuan，the festival is an occasion for holding torch parades.Big torches are carried by teams of people，which is like a fire dragon.If different teams meet，it's a tradition to exchange the big torches with one another.

（1）What can we know about the Torch Festival from the first paragraph？

A．It has nothing to do with farming.
B．Its celebrations usually last two days.
C．It is a traditional festival of all China.
D．It is a festival to show worship of fire.
（2）What does the underlined word "them" in paragraph 1 refer to？

A．Ancestors.
B．Young people.
C．Elders.
D．Ethnic groups.
（3）What is the main idea of the second paragraph？

A．Why the festival is enjoyed.
B．Where the festival is celebrated.
C．How the festival is celebrated.
D．What torches are used for the festival.
（4）Which is a way that Lisu people in Sichuan celebrate the festival according to the text？

A．Holding torch parades.
B．Tying fruits to torches with strings.
C．Struggling for fruits for good luck.
D．Using torches as hurdles for a horse race.
發(fā)布：2024/10/26 9:0:1組卷：10引用：3難度：0.6
解析
3．Has the volume in a restaurant ever made you finish your meal early？If so，you're not alone．Restaurants handle diners in various ways to influence food choices and consumption，from lighting to menu to server presentation．Unfortunately for those headache-prone restaurant goers，some places also choose to turn up the tunes and the background noise．
   Chef Mario Batali is often blamed for the phenomenon of very loud or noisy restaurants in the 1990s，when he decided to flood the dining room with the same loud tunes he was playing in his kitchen．And other chefs followed suit．Some restaurateurs felt a "livelier" atmosphere encouraged more customers to dine there，and a side "benefit" was quicker table turnover，thus increasing the number of people who could dine in a specific evening．
   A 1985 study out of Fairfield University looked at how chewing speed varied according to the type of music being played．Although the volume level was kept the same for both musical situations，it's important to note that fast-tempo （節(jié)奏） music often gives the impression of being louder than slower music．
   "A significant increase in the number of bites per minute was found，and the effect was largest for fast music，" the researchers wrote in the study．So，the faster，louder music gets people to down their food more quickly，relieving the table for future customers．
   There are opinions about whether or not this is a sound practice． "A restaurant that places profit above dining experience often plays loud music with a fast tempo that puts diners under pressure to eat more quickly，even if that means they're less able to enjoy their meal，" writes Dr．Neel Burton in Psychology Today，adding that loud，fast music reduces appetite．
   What's more，some would-be repeat diners will shy away for fear of another very loud meal．The non-profit group Action on Hearing Loss found in a 2016 survey of nearly 1，500 people that 91% of those who view a restaurant as too noisy would choose not to return．

（1）Why did some bosses of the restaurants favour loud music？

A．It might help attract more customers．
B．It was the favorite kind of music of them．
C．It made the restaurants softer and sweeter．
D．It could increase the popularity of their chefs．
（2）What plays the most important role in the effect of music on diners according to the passage？

A．Its content．
B．Its length．
C．Its speed．
D．Its quality．
（3）What is Dr．Neel Burton's attitude towards flooding restaurants with noisy music？

A．Doubtful．
B．Disapproving．
C．Positive．
D．Objective．
（4）What could be a suitable tile for the text？

A．What People Think of Loud Restaurants？
B．Are Customers to Blame？
C．How Restaurants Improve Themselves？
D．Does Loud Music Really Benefit Restaurants？
發(fā)布：2024/10/25 17:0:1組卷：6引用：1難度：0.5
解析

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