1．Edgar Degas，J.M.W.Turner and other painters captured centuries of atmospheric records as they decorated canvases with sunset scenes.
   Greek Scientists worked with an artist to confirm that the ratio of red to green in sunset painting，both old and new，increased when particles filled the air，such as after major volcanic eruption（火山噴發(fā)）or dust storms.The atmosphere physicists also found a gradual shift in artistic sunset hues over centuries，possibly due to ever-increasing air pollution during the Industrial Revolution.
   An earlier study，led by atmospheric physicist Christos Zerefos of the Academy of Athens in Greece，discovered that the amount of red relative to green in sunset descriptions increased after eruptions，including Tambora，Indonesia in 1815，Coseguina，Nicaragua in 1835 and Krakatau，Indonesia in 1883.
   Zerefos' team analyzed 554 paintings created between 1550 and 1990.For up to three years after eruptions，sunsets reddened as sunlight bounced off dust and gas from the volcanoes.The latest study，also by Zerefos，used improved scanning and analysis techniques to confirm the earlier results.
   A modern painter，Panayiotis Tetsis，unknowingly repeated the artistic atmospheric observations of classical masters.In the artists' description of sunsets light over the Greek island of Hydra，the color ratio shifted towards red in paintings done both before（June 19，2010）and after （June 20，2010）a dust cloud from Sahara Desert filtered the sunset's light.
   Zerefos' team connected the timing of classical paintings' red shift to other records of the atmosphere trapped in ice cores from Greenland，in the recent study published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics.The ice cores recorded spikes（尖刺）in sulfur-containing chemicals likely from volcanoes.These spikes corresponded in time to artists increasingly dark red sunsets.
   The comparison of ice and art also revealed a slow shift in the coloring of the sunset.As the factories of Europe roared into production in the 19th and early 20th century，painting described a steady increase in the red to green ratio.The ice cores recorded a steady rise in airborne particles from industrial pollution during the same time.

（1）The underlined word"hues"in the second paragraph probably means .
A．a(chǎn)ngles
B．colors
C．locations
D．times
（2）What do we know about Zerefos' research from the passage？
A．Both modern and ancient artists describing sunset are involved in the research.
B．It confirmed an obvious increase in the ratio of green to red in sunset paintings.
C．The shift from green to red also existed in the records of ice cores trapped items.
D．The team used traditional techniques to confirm the earlier results of the research.
（3）How did Zerefos' team confirm that atmospheric records kept by painters were reliable？
A．By analyzing classical paintings.
B．By connecting time to color.
C．By comparing art with ice.
D．By working with an artist.
（4）Which of the following is the best title of the passage？
A．A Modern Research of Ancient Art and Ice with Pollution.
B．Art Masterpiece and Pollutants Trapped in Ice Cores.
C．An Increase in the Ratio of Red to Green in Paintings.
D．Art Masterpiece Recorded Centuries of Pollution.

2．How to be Creative？Most of us think that creativity is a quality belonging only to artists，writers，or dancers，rather than ourselves. （1）.The following tips are a great beginning for developing our creativity.
   Get out of your comfort zone We eagerly accept the familiar and fear the unknown.Break out of your usual patterns（模式）and welcome creativity into your life.As stated earlier，the human brain was designed to recognize patterns. （2）.In fact，our comfort zone is nothing more than a collection of patterns.As we become more efficient at recognizing and using patterns，we rely less on creativity to find new paths.We should force ourselves out of our comfort zone and open up new possibilities.
   Try different things
   We are used to habits and routines，and creativity hates routines.If you usually drive to work，take the subway for a few days. （3）.Interrupt your routine，experiment and try something new.New things are often creative，but the same old thing never is.
   （4）
   Having a great idea is not enough；you must work to make it a reality.Have you ever seen a new product and realized that you thought of the same thing long ago？Yet someone else is making money with "your" idea. （5）.The difference between a dreamer and a doer is action.Do whatever it takes to bring your ideas to life.If you can put them into practice，you are wellon your way to improving your creativity in all areas of your life.

A.Take action
B.Seek several choices
C.Think from the other person's point of view
D.If you usually eat in the office，have lunch under a tree
E.So we can create patterns for almost everything we do
F.The truth is that we are all born with the ability to be creative
G.We all have great ideas sometimes，but only a few people turn their ideas into realities

3．Chinese art is a visual art that is practiced in China or by Chinese artists.The Chinese art of overseas Chinese can also be viewed （1）part of Chinese art，because it is based on Chinese culture.
   Early "stone age art" dates back to 10，000 BC，mostly（2）（consist） of simple pottery and sculptures.After that，Chinese art，like Chinese history，is typically classified by dynasty， （3）probably lasted several hundred years.
   Chinese art has the oldest continuous tradition in the world.Since the Renaissance，the decorative arts have been （4）（extreme） important in Chinese art，especially in Chinese ceramics（陶器）.
   Different forms of art have changed under the influence of great philosophers，（5）（religion） figures and even political figures.Early Chinese poetry （6）（influence） by the Book of Songs，and the Chinese poet and statesman Qu Yuan.
   Chinese painting became a highly （7）（appreciate） art，including a wide variety of （8）（style） such as Ming Dynasty painting.Early Chinese music was based on percussion（打擊樂器），which later gave way to stringed instruments.In the Han dynasty paper cutting became （9）new art form after the invention of paper.Chinese opera would also be introduced and branched regionally in addition to other （10）（perform） formats such as variety shows.