People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why．
Rachael Jack，University of Glasgow researcher，said that rather than scanning evenly（均勻的）across a face as Westerners do，Easterners fix their attention on the eyes．
"We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions，" Jack said． "Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure，whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect（忽略）the mouth．"
According to Jack and her colleagues，the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed．As a result，facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in crosscultural situations．
The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories：happy，sad，surprised，fearful，disgusted，angry，or neutral．They comspared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies．
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than Westerners did． "The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions，" Jack said． "Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion，Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less．"
In short，the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion．From here on，examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion．Otherwise，when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures，Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation．
（1）The discovery shows that Westerners AA．
A．pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth
B．consider facial expressions universally reliable
C．observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways
D．have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions
（2）What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 6 refer to？ AA
A．The participants in the study．
B．The researchers of the study．
C．The errors made during the study．
D．The data collected from the study．
（3）In comparison with Westerners，Easterners are likely to CC．
A．do translation more successfully
B．study the mouth more frequently
C．examine the eyes more attentively
D．read facial expressions more correctly
（4）What can be the best title for the passage？ BB
A．The Eye as the Window to the Soul
B．Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions
C．Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills
D．How to Increase Crosscultural Understanding
【考點(diǎn)】社會．
【答案】A；A；C；B
【解答】
【點(diǎn)評】
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發(fā)布：2024/4/20 14:35:0組卷：13引用：1難度：0.6
相似題
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1．Hi Judy!
You often complain to me that you always buy goods unreasonably on sale promotion（促銷）and feel it shameful after going back to your school dormitory with new things not needed，considering all the money you spend is your parents' income．
In fact，this is a common phenomenon，called impulsive buying，a buying unplanned and hard to control．It usually happens when a store offers discounts（打折）or sales promotion-a special way used by stores to get more customers，which means you may fall into its traps even without notice．
Stores，with a good knowledge of customers' psychology（心理），make use of it to drive business．Avoiding all the impulsive buying is a hard thing．However，knowing our psychology behind it and reducing the times when influenced by sales promotion may be useful．So you should keep calm when facing the sales promotion by keeping in mind what you really need．
Find out the conditions where you are likely to buy things blindly．When seeing a dress advertised at 20% off，do not concentrate on the discount，but warn yourself against falling into the trap of "saving money''．
Besides，do not forget the long-term effects of your choice when meeting a sales promotion．Short-term benefits，like excited feeling just after buying items encourage impulsive buying．But the long-term costs such as waste of money and the sense of shame really annoy you．When seeing the advertisements，remember what you really want to buy originally and warn yourself of that terrible feeling．Only in this way can you save money for really needed things．
Yours，
Rachel
（1）Judy felt it a shame to．
A．complain to others about the poverty of her family
B．waste her parents' money on unneeded things
C．buy cheap things at lower prices or with less money
D．rely on her parents for further education
（2）Which of the following is true of impulsive buying according to Rachel？
A．It is designed by shops to draw customers' attention．
B．It can be brought under control with the help of stores．
C．It is planned by buyers with the purpose of saving money．
D．It is done by customers without considering its bad effects．
（3）In face of sales promotion Judy is advised to．
A．have belief in her own immediate decision
B．check the quality of the goods at low prices
C．stay calm by thinking about what she really needs
D．take the chance to learn more about stores tricks
（4）How do buyers usually feel in the long run after buying discounted things？
A．Regretful．
B．Thrilled．
C．Relaxed．
D．Sceptical．發(fā)布：2025/1/10 8:0:1組卷：4引用：2難度：0.6 -
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（1）What can we know about Burlington School？
A．It is open all year.
B．It is located in London.
C．It provides no accommodation.
D．It offers no social practice classes.
（2）Which school offers the biggest discounts？
A．Burlington School.
B．New School of English.
C．University of Liverpool.
D．Interactive English School.
（3）How is New School of English different from the others？
A．It sets a strict age limit.
B．Its accommodation is optional.
C．Its teachers are qualified and experienced.
D．It offers General and Specialist English courses.發(fā)布：2025/1/6 16:30:6組卷：0引用：1難度：0.6 -
3．Ever since I graduated from high school I've worked in the factories surrounding my hometown every summer.However，making the transformation between school and full-time blue-collar work during the break never gets any easier.For a student like me who considers any class before noon to be unacceptable，getting to a factory by 6 o'clock each morning is suffering.My friends never seem to understand why I'm so relieved to be back at school or that my summer vacation has been anything but a vacation.
There are few people as self-confident as a college student who has never been out in the real world.People of my age always seem to overestimate the value of their time and knowledge.In fact，all the classes did not prepare me for my battles with the machine I ran in the plant，which would jam whenever I absent-mindedly put in a part backward or upside down.
The most stressful thing about blue-collar life is knowing your job could disappear over night.Issues like being laid off and overseas relocation had always seemed distant to me until my co-workers told me that the unit I was working in would shut down within six months and move to Mexico，where people would work for 60 cents an hour.
After working 12-hour shifts（輪班）in a factory，the other options have become only too clear. "This job pays well，but it's hell on the body，" said one co-worker. "Study hard and keep reading." she added.When I'm back at the university，skipping classes and turning in lazy re-writes seems too irresponsible after seeing what I would be doing without school.All the advice and public-service announcements about the value of an education that used to sound stale（陳腐的）now ring true.
My experiences in the factories have inspired me to make the most of my college years before I enter the real world for good.
（1）What does the author think of his summer holiday？
A．It was no holiday for him at all.
B．It brought him nothing but suffering.
C．It was a relief from his hard work at school.
D．It offered him a chance to make more friends.
（2）What can we infer about most college students？
A．They do better in the real world.
B．They are confident when they work.
C．They think too highly of themselves.
D．They are expert at handling machines.
（3）What is the biggest pressure for blue-collar workers？
A．A low income.
B．The lack of security.
C．An unstable location.
D．Less break.
（4）How did the working experiences change the author？
A．He became responsible for his work.
B．He learned to be more practical at work.
C．He began to respect blue-collar workers.
D．He came to appreciate his college education.發(fā)布：2025/1/6 16:30:6組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5
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