2020-2021學(xué)年內(nèi)蒙古烏蘭察布市集寧二中高一（下）期末英語試卷

I.閱讀理解（共40分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題6分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給得四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

• 1．"Human activity has wiped out two-thirds of the world's wildlife since 1970，" CNN reported on September 10，2020.Later that month，the Guardian reported that "40 percent of the worlds plant species are at risk of extinction".Stanford biologist Paul Ehrlich and his colleagues argued that "the ongoing sixth mass extinction may be the most serious environmental threat to the persistence of civilization".Around the same time，the Daily Mail warned that "human civilization stands a 90 percent chance of collapse （崩潰）within decades due to deforestation".
     These horrible calculations and projections come from authoritative-sounding reports issued by international agencies，conservation groups，and peer-reviewed scientific journals.But is the future of wild nature and human civilization really so poor？
     Data from uncontroversial mainstream sources strongly indicate that both humanity and the natural world are likely to be flourishing （繁榮）rather than collapsing at the end of this century.Humanity is becoming an urban species，and that's good for the environment，since urban dwellers （居民）generally use less electricity，produce less globe-warming carbon dioxide，and have smaller land footprints than people living in the countryside.By 2100，it is estimated that 85 percent of people will be city dwellers，which would leave only 1.2 billion still living in the countryside.That means more space for the wildlife and less pollution from the agriculture.
     The global tree-covering area increased by 865，000 square miles between 1982 and 2016.The researchers found that gains in forest area in the mild，subtropical and northern climatic zones are offsetting （抵消）declines in the tropics.The Maryland researchers owe much of that increase to "natural afforestation on abandoned agricultural land". "Furthermore，forests in mountainous regions are expanding as climate warming enables trees to grow at higher altitudes，they added.
     Humanity does face big environmental challenges in the coming century.But the scientific and economic evidence shows that most of the trends are positive or can be turned in positive direction by human wisdom.Rather than an age of extinction，the 21st century promises to be an era of environmental renewal.
  
  （1）Why does the author mention the reports in Paragraph 1？

  
  A．To give examples.
  B．To introduce the topic.
  C．To make a contrast.
  D．To support his opinion.
  （2）What will happen according to Paragraph 3？

  
  A．No one will choose to live in the countryside.
  B．More space will be available for the wildlife.
  C．Neither humanity nor the natural world will develop quickly.
  D．Urban residents will do more walking than those in the countryside.
  （3）Which of the following statements will the researchers agree with about forest area？

  
  A．The expanding and disappearance in forest area aren't evenly matched.
  B．The forest area in the mild，tropic and northern zones is increasing.
  C．There are more forests in mountainous regions due to the climate warming.
  D．The plan of "natural afforestation on abandoned agricultural land" is unfavorable.
  （4）What might be the best title of the passage？

  
  A．The Bright Future of Humanity.
  B．The Challenges in the Coming Century.
  C．Better Environment，Better Future of Human.
  D．21st Century：An Era of Environmental Renewal.
  組卷：7引用：2難度：0.7

  解析

• 2．The forest of today will not be the forests of tomorrow.Rising temperatures，trees being cut down，development and climate-change-caused disasters are changing the very makeup of the Earth's forests，new research published in Science finds.
     Older，bigger trees are being lost at an alarming rate，making the planet's forests shorter and younger.The change is being driven at different rates by different causes in different places，the study's authors say，but the consequences will be global.
     Old growth forests absorb and store massive amounts of climate-warming CO₂.They provide habitats for rare and endangered species and promote rich biodiversity.Researchers found that the world lost roughly one-third of its old growth forests between 1900 and 2015.In North America and Europe，they found that tree mortality（死亡率） has doubled in the past 40 years.
     "Warming temperatures，wildfires，logging and insect outbreaks were among the many causes of the decline，" says Nate McDowell，the study's lead author. "What's perhaps more concerning is that the trajectory（發(fā)展軌跡） of all these disturbances is generally increasing over time and is expected to continue increasing in the future." he says.
     McDowell's focus is on how trees are affected by rising temperatures，arguably the biggest driver of forest change.To get a broader understanding of how forests are changing globally，he brought in more than 20 other researchers in different fields.Together，they examined more than 160 previous studies about tree mortality and its global causes，applying current satellite data and modeling to create a look at the Earth's changing forests to date.
     "It's not a shock，but it's very sad，" says Kristina，an ecologist and leader of the ForestGEO Ecosystems &Climate Program who helped with the research. "We as a human society are hitting these forests so rapidly with so many different changes that they can't keep up." she says.
  
  （1）What can we know from the figures in the paragraph 3？

  
  A．More trees should be planted in no time.
  B．We are losing old growth forests quickly.
  C．Forests are important habitats for wildlife.
  D．Different trees can absorb CO₂ differently.
  （2）What can we say about McDowell's research？

  
  A．Timely and long-standing.
  B．All-sided and careful.
  C．Time-limited and regional.
  D．Traditional and extensive.
  （3）What's Kristina's attitude towards the findings of the research？

  
  A．Worried.
  B．Optimistic.
  C．Supportive.
  D．Indifferent.
  （4）What's the writer's purpose of writing the passage？

  
  A．To call on people to plant more trees.
  B．To discuss the influence of climate change.
  C．To warn against the loss of old growth forests.
  D．To compare forests of today with those of the future.
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.6

  解析

• 3．4 Films to Watch in 2022 Spider-Man：Across the Spider-Verse （Part One）
     As the sub-title suggests，Spider-Man：Across the Spider-Verse （Part One） is the first episode in a two-part story，which makes it a rarity in the world of animated （動畫）films.
     Released internationally on 7 October.
     The Worst Person in the World
     If you're lucky，you can get through your 20s with none of the restrictions you had as a child，and none of the responsibilities which come later.But what should you do with all that freedom？It's a question that puzzles Julie in Joachim Trier's bittersweet romantic comedy drama，The Worst Person in the World.Divided into 12 chapters，this film follows Julie through her early adulthood in Oslo as she tries to decide which job and which man are right for her.It currently has a score of 100% on Rotten Tomatoes，Barack Obama included it on his list of favorite movies.
     Released in the US on 4 February 2022.
     Elvis
     It's been almost a decade since the release of Baz Luhrmann's The Great Gatsby，but the Australian writer-director of Strictly Ballroom，Romeo+Juliet，and Moulin Rouge！is back at last.Never one to shy away from a big，risky project，Luhrmann has made an Elvis Presley biographical film that records 20 years in the life of The King of Rock 'n' Roll.Released on 24 June.
     Belle
     Mamoru Hosoda's dazzling anime is a fairy-tale romance，a high-school soap opera，a superhero action movie and a science-fiction mystery all rolled into one.More than that，the film is a technical marvel in which every frame sparkles with a seemingly infinite array of tiny details.Its heroine Belle is a Japanese schoolgirl who is too shy to sing in real life，but becomes a world-famous pop star in a virtual-reality community.Everyone is desperate to uncover the true identity of her pink-haired，blue-eyed alter ego.
     Released on 14 January in the US and Turkey，20 Jan in Italy，and 4 February in the UK and Spain.
  
  （1）Which movie will be the last one to be shown？

  
  A．The Worst Person in the World.
  B．Elvis.
  C．Spider-Man：Across the Spider-Verse （Part One）.
  D．Belle.
  （2）What do we know about Baz Luhrmann？

  
  A．He is adventurous.
  B．He starred in Elvis.
  C．He is an Austrian writer-director.
  D．He is The King of Rock 'n' Roll.
  （3）What can we know about the four films？

  
  A．Barack Obama likes Elvis very much.
  B．The Worst Person in the World is a tragedy.
  C．Belle is a world-famous pop star in real life.
  D．Two out of the four movies are animated films.
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.4

  解析

• 4．The human brain contains 10 thousand million cells（細(xì)胞）and each of these may have a thousand connections.Such great numbers used to discourage us and cause us to stop thinking about the possibility of making a machine with humanlike ability，but now that we have grown used to moving forward at such a speed，we can be less sure.Quite soon，in only 10 or 20 years，perhaps，we will be able to build a machine as complex（復(fù)雜的） as the human brain，and if we can，we will.It may then take us a long time to make it as intelligent as the human brain by properly programming it.
     I think it is certain that in decades，not centuries，machines of silicon（硅）will arise to compete with their human ancestors.In a real sense they will be able to reproduce themselves.Silicon will have ended carbon's long control.And we will no longer be able to consider ourselves to be the finest intelligence in the world.
     As the intelligence of robots increases and their cost goes down，we may achieve a lot with their help，first on the earth through their ability to complete any kind of work in harmful environments.In the end，deserts（沙漠）may turn into gardens.Further ahead，by a combination of the great wealth this new age will bring and the technology it will provide，the creation of a huge，man-made world in space，home to thousands or millions of people，will be within our power.
  
  （1）In the author's opinion，the human brain

  .
  A．is complex and intelligent
  B．is too complex to be reproduced
  C．may change a lot in 10 or 20 years
  D．will soon be replaced by machines
  （2）The underlined word "carbon" in Paragraph 2 stands for

  .
  A．human beings
  B．a(chǎn)n old machine
  C．a(chǎn)n ocean animal
  D．intelligent robots
  （3）In the last paragraph，the author mainly

  .
  A．talks about the intelligence of robots
  B．explains how to create a world in space
  C．describes what our future life might be
  D．shows his worry about the environment
  組卷：5引用：2難度：0.6

  解析

第二節(jié)（共1小題；每小題10分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后得選項中選出能填入空白處得最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

• 5．Continuous learning benefits us in many ways.First of all，it allows the increase in knowledge and ability in our career.For example，watching someone work can make us a better worker.Besides，learning can prepare us for the unexpected.For example，we can learn about the general workforce and how the application process works to better prepare us for job searching.（1）

  
     What's more，continuous learning can open our mind.Having an open mind and willingness to take on new ideas can do wonders.First of all，it builds your attitude towards change. （2）

  Second，when you take continuous learning into account，you can begin to understand how others feel about a particular issue.
     （3）

  They are always looking for new experiences and do different things.Moreover，they not only have knowledge on various topics that aren't always related to present roles but also know about the latest trends and technologies in the industry.
     To develop continuous learning，you have to begin with setting a clear and specific goal.（4）

  Once your goal is set，build a system to help support your strategy.You want to be looking for different sources of information，but also to be picky about it.In other words，try to learn within your specific field but ensure the information is coming from a trustworthy source.At the same time，do use tools to help improve your learning system. （5）

  Seminars （研討會），workshops，and live classes are the tools that modern learners need as they make learning effective.
  
  A.If always learning，you are always improving.
  B.Learning can improve other areas in our lives.
  C.This can help in case you lose your job and need to find other work.
  D.Excellent continuous learners behave in a specific manner.
  E.There're various tools to help you present information and learning.
  F.Being excited about change can affect others around you positively.
  G.Knowing what you want to achieve can encourage you to keep learning.
  組卷：9引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

II.語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共1小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給得四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

• 6．Volunteering abroad comes with a bit of a social stigma（恥辱）.From my（1）

  ，this couldn't be further from the truth.Volunteering isn't so expensive that it's only a（2）

  for the well-off.I spent 10 weeks volunteering in Arizona with America Conservation Experience（ACE），helping（3）

  America's natural beauty.
     The（4）

  was arranged through BUNAC，a work and volunteer organization.（5）

  it cost me around﹩1，000 — a sum which I（6）

  mostly by working part-time.
     The self-indulgent（放縱自己的）image is（7）

  to overseas volunteer projects.However，the work can be（8）

  .I spent my time maintaining trails，building fences and carrying out projects in some of the national monuments of America.Summer temperatures in Arizona stay well above 35℃，（9）

  pleasant if you're carrying 50 kg of concrete for 10 hours at a time.And then there was the wildlife to deal with，which（10）

  my strength of character and made my（11）

  of the English household spider disappear.
     （12）

  do most people volunteer for？Probably they want to（13）

  things to the world.But in reality，you（14）

  just as much as the local communities and ecosystems you're helping.
     Spending 10 weeks in America's most beautiful national parks and forests was（15）

  .I gained a far deeper（16）

  of the local environment than the average tourist，（17）

  ex-national park rangers（護(hù)林者）who knew（18）

  of the area's history and ecosystem.But best of all，my 10 weeks were spent volunteering with young people from a mix of（19）

  —from Belgians to South Koreans.When I left Arizona，I returned home having made a lifelong（20）

  with people from around the world.
  
  

  （1）	A．a(chǎn)spect	B．experience	C．impression	D．observation
  （2）	A．choice	B．dream	C．habit	D．destination
  （3）	A．explore	B．develop	C．preserve	D．find
  （4）	A．trip	B．fund	C．organization	D．conference
  （5）	A．In other words	B．As a result	C．In all	D．On average
  （6）	A．a(chǎn)warded	B．sponsored	C．invested	D．covered
  （7）	A．similar	B．equal	C．relevant	D．close
  （8）	A．easy-going	B．hard-going	C．interesting	D．instructive
  （9）	A．still	B．never	C．yet	D．even
  （10）	A．enriched	B．challenged	C．improved	D．a(chǎn)ffected
  （11）	A．fear	B．curiosity	C．frustration	D．dislike
  （12）	A．Why	B．How	C．Who	D．What
  （13）	A．take out	B．give back	C．make up	D．bring in
  （14）	A．succeed	B．remember	C．learn	D．benefit
  （15）	A．unreal	B．unbearable	C．unbelievable	D．unforgettable
  （16）	A．meaning	B．a(chǎn)ppreciation	C．understanding	D．commitment
  （17）	A．interviewing	B．meeting	C．inviting	D．recording
  （18）	A．perfectly	B．partly	C．naturally	D．vividly
  （19）	A．origins	B．platforms	C．cultures	D．schools
  （20）	A．campaign	B．promise	C．contest	D．bond
  組卷：21引用：2難度：0.6

  解析

第二節(jié)（共1小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下列短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

• 7．A young man，while（1）

  （ travel） through a desert，came across a spring of clear water.The water was sweet.He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder（2）

  had been his teacher.After a four-day journey，the young man presented the water to the old man.His teacher took a deep drink，smiled warmly，and thanked his student very much（3）

  the sweet water.The young man went home with a happy heart.
      After the student（4）

  （leave），the teacher let another student taste the water.He spit it out，（5）

  （say） it was awful.Obviously，it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container.He asked his teacher， "Sir，the water was awful.Why did you pretend（6）

  （like）it" The teacher replied，"You taste the water.I tasted the gift.The water was（7）

  （simple） the container for an act of kindness and love.Nothing could be （8）

  （sweet）.
      We understand this lesson best when we receive gifts of love from children.Whether（9）

  is a cheap pipe or a diamond neck lace，the proper response is（10）

  （appreciate）.We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing.
  組卷：31引用：4難度：0.6

  解析

III.寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分10分）第一節(jié) 短文改錯（共1小題；每小題10分，滿分10分）

• 8．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文．文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處．每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加，刪除或修改．
  增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞．
  刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉．
  修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞．
  注意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
  2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分．
      I've learnt from Internet that some host families are wanted． It is a coincidence that our house have a spare room． So I'd like to provide the foreign students for a living place． We have separate room in our house． My family consists of my parents and me． Certainly， we， kind and helpful， who are easily to get along with． My parents could prepare breakfast and dinner for us．
      What's more， we both speak English fluently but we won't have any difficulty communicating with each other． In short， I'd be glad to take this opportunity to make new friends． I'm looking forward to hear from you．
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá)（滿分15分）

• 9．假定你叫李華，你的朋友Jenny來信向你詢問如何保持健康．請你給她發(fā)一封e-mail提些建議．
  內(nèi)容要點如下：
  1．注意合理飲食；
  2．保證充足睡眠；
  3．堅持鍛煉身體，多參加體育運動．
  注意：
  1．詞數(shù)100左右；
  2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
  3．郵件的開頭已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)．
  Dear Jenny，
      How nice to hear from you!In your letter you asked me how to keep healthy．I would like to give you some advice．______
  Yours，
  Li Hua
  組卷：76引用：6難度：0.5

  解析