2017-2018學(xué)年遼寧省營口市部分重點(diǎn)高中高二（下）期末英語試卷

第二部分　閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)　（共4小題；每小題6分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)．

• 1．Have you ever had the urge to open a book and stick your nose straight into the pages？The smell of old books can refresh any book lovers.We don't know why，but it is just pleasant to us.
     Describing the smell can be a challenge.And mere adjectives will likely be of little use to future generations of historians trying to document，understand or reproduce the scent （氣味） of slowly decaying （腐朽） books.Now，that task may have just gotten easier thanks to the Historic Book Odor Wheel.
     In one experiment，researchers asked visitors at the historic library to characterize the scents they smelled.All the visitors selected words like "woody"， "smoky" and "earthy" from the list，and described the smell's intensity and perceived pleasantness.In another experiment，the study authors presented visitors to the Birmingham Museum with eight smells — one of which was an unlabeled historic book scent and seven were non-bookish，such as coffee，chocolate，fish market and dirty clojye.ais.The researchers then had those museumgoers describe the historic book smell.The top two responses？Chocolate and coffee. "You tend to use familiar associations to describe smells when they are unlabeled，" study author Cecilia Bembibre says.
     The team even analyzed the volatile organic compounds （VOCs） in the book and the library.Using the data from the chemical analysis and visitors' smell descriptions，the researchers created the Historic Book Odor Wheel to document the "historic library smell".Main categories，such as "sweet/spicy"，fill the inner circle of the wheel；descriptors，such as "chocolate/cream"，fill the middle；and the chemical compounds likely to be the smelly source，like furfural，fill the outer circle.
     The researchers want the book odor wheel to be a tool that "untrained noses" can use to identify smells and the compounds causing them，which could address conservators' concerns about material composition and historic paper conservation.And hopefully，smells of the past can be reproduced in the lab someday and museums and historians can use it to reconstruct a past we can no longer smell.
  
  （1）What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph？

  
  A．A strange reading habit.
  B．Addiction to reading books.
  C．A dislike for smelling books.
  D．Fascination for smells of books.
  （2）How do people usually describe unlabeled smells？

  
  A．By referring to familiar items.
  B．By using adjectives to label them.
  C．By linking them with food smells.
  D．By analyzing chemical components.
  （3）What is the function of the "Historic Book Odor Wheel"？

  
  A．To characterize smells.
  B．To store book smells.
  C．To collect history books.
  D．To test different scents.
  （4）What is the potential future application of the study？

  
  A．Creating a whole new scent.
  B．Sharpening sensory perceptions.
  C．Restoring smells of historic documents.
  D．Extracting components of "old book smell".
  組卷：1引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

• 2．閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
      What do you do when you have a few minutes to spare？There are thousands of puzzles to choose from that can be worked on at your convenience.They all have something in common：they test your skills or knowledge.Here are four of the most common.
      Word puzzles
      One of the most popular word puzzles—— the crossword——has been around for nearly 110 years.Crosswords can be done with paper and pencil or online.Sometimes word puzzles involve finding new words within a large group of letters.This type of word puzzle is called a word search.Word puzzles usually test your vocabulary.Knowing the language that the game is designed in is required for success，however.
      Math puzzles
      Math puzzles involve numbers，words or objects and the use of math.Surprisingly，the ever-popular Candy Crush is classified as a math puzzle.Math skills are required for players to successfully move and match colored candies.
      Mechanical puzzles
      Mechanical puzzles have pieces that must be arranged in some way.The world's best-selling puzzle，the Rubik's Cube，is a mechanical puzzle.As of 2020，over 450 million Rubik's Cubes had been sold.Jigsaw puzzles also fall into the category of mechanical puzzles.They typically involve putting pieces in the right place to form a picture.Jigsaw puzzles have from two to over 550，000 pieces—— the largest one on record.
      Logic puzzles
      Figuring out the solution to a logic puzzle requires careful thought rather than guessing.Sudoku and Mine Finder are examples of logic puzzles.In Mine Finder players must determine where the mines are hidden in a grid.
  
  （1）Which puzzles contribute to word learning？

  
  A．Word puzzles.
  B．Math puzzles.
  C．Logic puzzles.
  D．Mechanical puzzles.
  （2）What do Rubik's Cubes and Jigsaw puzzles share in common？

  
  A．Both are best-selling puzzles.
  B．Both have more than 550，000 pieces.
  C．Both have pieces that must be put in the right place.
  D．Both test mechanical engineering skills or knowledge.
  （3）In which section of magazine can you probably read this passage？

  
  A．Life skills.
  B．Pop culture.
  C．Technology.
  D．Games.
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．It has happened to us all：sitting on the sofa，toying with the idea of sending an old friend an unexpected text，but worrying that a message out of the blue may seem unusual or just unwelcome.
     However，research suggests such fears are unfounded，with those on the receiving end often far more grateful than the sender may expect.Dr.Peggy Liu，the lead author of the research said the team began their research because they felt a lot of people were losing touch with each other due to their concerns or fears.
     Liu and her colleagues conducted a series of experiments，based on hypothetical（虛構(gòu)的）and real-life plots，involving more than 5，900 participants.In one experiment，54 participants wrote a note to a fellow college student they hadn't been in touch for a while.This note was emailed to the latter by the researchers，who asked both the writer and the receiver to indicate how much they felt the message was appreciated.
     The results show that on average senders rated receivers' appreciation at 5.57 on a seven-point scale，while the receivers themselves rated their appreciation at 6.17.The team said this and other experiments revealed that people receiving messages appreciate them significantly more than the sender tends to expect.
     But Liu said questions remained."While we show that people typically underestimate how much others appreciate being reached out to，it remains an outstanding question how we can actually motivate people to reach out to others more，"she said."That's what we're going to do next."
     Stephen Reicher，a professor of social psychology at the University of St Andrews，said the results made sense."If the pandemic（疫情爆發(fā)） has taught us anything，it is that we have a pandemic of loneliness causing massive harm and we need to address it urgently as a matter of public health，"he said，"Feeling connected to others has consistently been shown to be good for our physical and mental health.Such connections can be remarkably effective in everything from protecting against depression to recovery from heart attacks."He added that simply feeling part of a group was equally effective.
  
  （1）How do people probably feel about receiving messages from old friends according to the passage？

  
  A．Fearful.
  B．Appreciative.
  C．Uncaring.
  D．Intolerant.
  （2）What aspect of the research does the author mainly talk about in Para 3？

  
  A．Its process.
  B．Its impact.
  C．Its result.
  D．Its purpose.
  （3）What does Dr.Liu suggest？

  
  A．Interviewing the study participants.
  B．Making use of the findings.
  C．Clarifying the purpose of the research.
  D．Conducting further research.
  （4）What can we learn from the last paragraph？

  
  A．The pandemic is to blame for mental illness.
  B．Reaching out to others is beneficial to health.
  C．Joining a group is preferable to getting connected.
  D．People need to improve communication skills urgently.
  組卷：10引用：2難度：0.3

  解析

• 4．If a family member blames you for something you have done，it is important to be careful about how you defend yourself．It is not a good idea to use ways that cause hurt，even if they would help you make a valid point．If you can think of an instance where the other person has done exactly what they accuse you of，for example，it would not be good manners to throw it in their face．You should only bring it up if you don't have a choice．Then，you should make sure that you do it respectfully．
     Even if a family member intentionally goes against reasonable wishes you may have，you should understand that people see even the most fundamental things in very different ways．Remember that people are different．If you consider any noise after midnight to be intolerable，for example，others may see it is completely acceptable．It can take them a great deal of time to change their behavior for a demand that they do not understand．
     Think about the family conflicts that you are worried about now．Check to see if your parents had similar problems．People who grow up with parents who fight unfairly often repeat the same behavior．Consider changing the unfair habits that you grew up with．
     Understand that memories tend to change．In long-standing family disputes，all parties involved tend to have completely different recollections of the original problem．
     Families are a curious concept - while family members often feel nothing but annoyed for one another，they will also often be there for them if they should ever be in serious trouble．When you feel resentment for someone，think about how far you would go for them if they happened to be in trouble．It could help soften you．Think about how you care for the other person．
  
  （1）Which of the following does the author agree with according to the first paragraph？

  
  A．To fight back to defend yourself．
  B．To target the problem，not the person．
  C．To deal with a man as he deals with you．
  D．To hurt each other when angry．
  （2）What does the underlined word "resentment" in the last paragraph mean？

  
  A．Curiosity．
  B．Kindness．
  C．Concern．
  D．Anger．
  （3）Which of the following statements may the author approve of？

  
  A．Family members share the same memories over family disputes．
  B．Parents should set a good example in a family．
  C．It's easy for people to agree on different ideas．
  D．You can defend yourself by throwing facts back．
  （4）What is the best title of the passage ？

  
  A．Think about how you care for other persons．
  B．Learn to concern about family members．
  C．How to deal with family conflicts wisely．
  D．Learn to accept each other in a family．
  組卷：23引用：2難度：0.3

  解析

第二節(jié)?。ü?小題，每小題10分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)．選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)．

• 5．A volcano is a geological landform usually caused by the eruption through a vent（火山口） in a planet's surface of magma（巖漿），molten rock welling up from the planet's interior.（1）

  
     A popular way of judging volcanoes goes by their frequency（頻率） of eruption.（2）

  Those that have erupted in historical times but are now quiet called dormant（休眠的） and those that have not erupted in historical times called extinct.
     （3）

  The lifespan of a volcano can vary from months to several million years，making such a distinction（辨別） sometimes meaningless when compared to the lifespans of humans or even civilisations.For example，many of the earth's volcanoes have erupted dozens of times in the past few thousand years but are not currently showing signs of eruption.Given the long lifespan of such volcanoes，they are very active.（4）

  
     Scientists usually consider a volcano active if it is currently erupting or showing signs of unrest，such as unusual earthquake activity or significant new gas emissions.（5）

  It is important to note that the span of recorded history differs from region to region.In the Mediterranean，recorded history reaches back more than 3，000 years but in the Pacific Northwest of the United States，it reaches back less than 300 years，and in Hawaii，little more than 200 years.The Smithsonian Global Volcanism programme's definition of "active" is having erupted within the last 10，000 years.
  
  A.By our lifespans，however，they are not.
  B.Those that erupt regularly called active.
  C.One way of classifying volcanoes is by the type of material erupted.
  D.Obviously，such eruptions tend to be destructive mainly in one direction.
  E.Many scientists also consider a volcano active if it has erupted in historic time.
  F.There is no real agreement among volcanologists on how to define an "active" volcano.
  G.Volcanoes of various types are found on other planets and their moons as well as on the earth.
  組卷：20引用：1難度：0.7

  解析

第三部分 英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié) 完形填空（共1小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑．

• 6．I have played soccer and other sports since I was about 5 years old.When I was younger，I thought I would be able to（1）

  doing all the sports I love into my teen years.Then I（2）

  that once you get into high school，you have to just（3）

  a sport as coaches require pretty much training in the off season（比賽淡季）.If you are doing three to five days of（4）

  a week，this leaves little（5）

  for other activities.
     And that one（6）

  then turns into a year-long commitment（投入）.
     When I decided to play soccer year-round，we were（7）

  five days a week，and we had games on the weekends.After about three months of this，I experienced a knee overuse（8）

  .Four other players had knee injuries as jye.aill.We had worked so（9）

  for so long，and then we went directly into club soccer in the off season.There was never a（10）

  !
     This injury really pushed me（11）

  ，and I stayed at home for eight weeks.Because of this，I（12）

  soccer training.
     I also（13）

  to take part in many activities while playing.（14）

  widening my social circle and joining some clubs，I am on the field.
     But even with these（15）

  ，I still keep playing soccer year-round，it is an enjoyable experience that really lifts my spirits.
  
  

  （1）	A．a(chǎn)void	B．continue	C．finish	D．risk
  （2）	A．remembered	B．realized	C．imagined	D．regretted
  （3）	A．change	B．prepare	C．stop	D．choose
  （4）	A．work	B．games	C．training	D．tours
  （5）	A．space	B．money	C．room	D．surprise
  （6）	A．sport	B．club	C．plan	D．spirit
  （7）	A．competing	B．trying	C．running	D．practicing
  （8）	A．class	B．injury	C．program	D．treatment
  （9）	A．well	B．far	C．hard	D．fast
  （10）	A．break	B．test	C．point	D．season
  （11）	A．a(chǎn)round	B．back	C．through	D．forward
  （12）	A．looked out for	B．gave way to	C．took care of	D．missed out on
  （13）	A．fail	B．start	C．refuse	D．offer
  （14）	A．Because	B．Except for	C．Instead of	D．Along with
  （15）	A．values	B．rules	C．disadvantages	D．expectations
  組卷：147引用：4難度：0.3

  解析

第三部分 英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分15分）第二節(jié)（共1小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式．

• 7．    Here come a crowd of young people dressed in long robes.They wander around pavilions and royal gardens， （1）

  their flowing sleeves and heavily embroidered （繡花的） skirts gently waving in the breeze.They are not actors nor actresses in a movie set（2）

  Hanfu enthusiasts in a themed event held in Beijing.
      Benefiting from the growing（3）

  （popular） of social media and a craze for traditional culture，Hanfu，a traditional style of clothing（4）

  （wear） by the Han people，was brought back to the forefront by a new wave of young Chinese devotees，including Liu.
      The 1980s-born rocket scientist Liu is also a co-founder of（5）

  Hanfu community in Beijing called "Hua Yan Hui."The community（6）

  （found） in 2011 following a Hanfu revival （復(fù)蘇）movement that emerged from the desire（7）

  （express） national identity and growing cultural confidence.Since then，Liu（8）

  （volunteer） to support the group.
      "My passion for Hanfu came from two of my friends（9）

  are fans of traditional Chinese clothing，"Liu said.Her interest grew （10）

  she learned more about the culture behind it and acquired her first Hanfu costume.
  組卷：13引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

第四部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分10分）第一節(jié) 短文改錯(cuò)（共1小題；每小題l分，滿分10分）

• 8．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
  增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
  刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。
  修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞.
  注意： （1）每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
  （2）只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。
      Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself. I like eating fried tomatoes with eggs，and I thought it must to be easy to cook. My mom told me how to preparing. First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside. Next I broke the egg into a bowl and beat them quick with chopsticks. After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove. I waited patiently unless the oil was hot. Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together. "Not that way，" my mom tried to stop us but failed. She is right. It didn't turn out as I had expected.
  組卷：46引用：3難度：0.6

  解析

第二節(jié)　書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）

• 9．上周日下午，你和你的朋友在河邊散步時(shí)，聽到河中有人在喊救命。于是你們迅速地救起了他，并對(duì)他實(shí)施了必要的急救。請(qǐng)你就這件事寫一篇80詞左右的短文，投遞到學(xué)校英文報(bào)Youth，主要內(nèi)容包括：
  1.描述事故發(fā)生的過程；
  2.實(shí)施急救的過程（讓他平躺；實(shí)施口對(duì)口人工呼吸；聯(lián)系救護(hù)車和家人）；
  3.簡要表達(dá)你對(duì)掌握一定急救知識(shí)的重要性的想法。
  組卷：10引用：3難度：0.6

  解析