牛津譯林版（2019）選擇性必修第一冊(cè)《Unit 1 Food matters》2024年單元測(cè)試卷（3）

一、閱讀理解

• 1．In today's world，life is fast.If you don't slow down to enjoy it，you will definitely miss something.I've got two young boys and I have been an elementary school teacher up until recently.Days were busy.Get the boys ready for school and daycare.Work a full day.Pick them up after school.Cook dinner.Do housework.Get the boys into bed and before I knew it，the day was over!Time for me to hit the sack and do it all over again the next day!
     Don't get me wrong.I wouldn't change anything.The boys are great.Everyone just gets stuck in these daily things and forget about fun until that one vacation week a year.Everyone needs a break and should have fun all year round.Just set aside one day a week and just go and do something.There are so many fun family things to do that won't use up your money.You don't need to go to that theme park and spend a month's salary on one day.A nice day at the park or museum can entertain everyone.There are nearby state parks that you can easily run out to and camp in for under ﹩50 for the whole family.How about family movie night？What about family video game night？There are so many ideas that folks seem to forget about.I encourage you to take a look at Modern Frugal Family.You can find all sorts of fun stuff to do with the family and search for all sorts of bargains.I know you will come up with some great ideas.If you do，you can share them with everyone.So get out there and enjoy life!
  
  （1）In the first paragraph，the author mainly talks about her

  .
  A．interests
  B．daily life
  C．schoolwork
  D．family gathering
  （2）What does the underlined phrase "hit the sack" in Paragraph 1 probably mean？

  
  A．Go to sleep
  B．Have a lesson.
  C．Make a plan.
  D．Take exercise.
  （3）We can learn from the passage that the author

  .
  A．works at a daycare center
  B．doesn't like her job very much
  C．is a school teacher with two children
  D．has difficulty in doing her housework
  （4）According to the author，

  .
  A．it's no use trying to change our situation
  B．people should have fun more often in their life
  C．parents shouldn't push their children too hard
  D．parents today spend too much money on their children
  組卷：3引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 2．In a recent series of experiments at the University of California，researchers studied toddlers' thinking about winners and losers，bullies （欺凌） and victims．
     In the first experiment，toddlers （學(xué)步兒童） watched a scene in which two puppets （木偶） had conflicting goals：One was crossing a stage from right to left，and the other from left to right．The puppets met in the middle and stopped．Eventually one puppet bowed down and moved aside，letting the other one pass by．Then researchers asked the toddlers which puppet they liked．The result：20 out of 23 toddlers picked the higher-status puppet - the one that did not bow or move aside．It seems that individuals can gain status for being dominant （占優(yōu)勢(shì)的） and toddlers like winners better than losers．
     But then researchers had another question：Do toddlers like winners no matter how they win？So，researchers did another experiment very similar to the one described above．But this time，the conflict ended because one puppet knocked the other down and out of the way．Now when the toddlers were asked who they liked，the results were different：Only 4 out of 23 children liked the winner．
     These data suggest that children already love a winner by the age of 21-31 months．This does not necessarily mean that the preference is inborn：21 months is enough time to learn a lot of things．But if a preference for winners is something we learn，we appear to learn it quite early．
     Even more interesting，the preference for winners is not absolute．Children in our study did not like a winner who knocked a competitor down．This suggests that already by the age of 21-31 months，children's liking for winners is balanced with other social concerns，including perhaps a general preference for nice or helpful people over aggressive ones．
     In a time when the news is full of stories of public figures who celebrate winning at all costs，these results give us much confidence．Humans understand dominance，but we also expect strong individuals to guide，protect and help others．This feels like good news．
  
  （1）One of the purposes of the experiments is to

  ．
  A．teach toddlers how to gain higher status．
  B．offer toddlers a chance to watch a scene．
  C．observe the process of toddlers' solving a conflict．
  D．find out toddlers' attitude toward winners and losers．
  （2）The toddlers regarded bowing and moving aside as a sign of

  ．
  A．obeying rules．
  B．gaining status．
  C．giving in to the other．
  D．showing good manners．
  （3）What does the second experiment tell us about toddlers？

  
  A．They are excellent learners．
  B．They are always changeable．
  C．They show mercy to the loser．
  D．They value kindness over winning．
  （4）What does the author think of the results of the series of experiments？

  
  A．Disappointing．
  B．Encouraging．
  C．Unexpected．
  D．Controversial．
  組卷：5引用：1難度：0.6

  解析

二、信息匹配

• 3．In business and in life，silence could help you to get acquainted with the power of the pause.Knowing when to be tight-lipped can give you the upper hand in everything from sales deals and pay talks to presentations and staff development. （1）

  .At your next meeting，wait for a pause in conversation and try to measure how long it lasts.Chances are- especially among English speakers - it will be a second or two at most.Even among sign language speakers，studies show that typically we leave less than a second between taking turns to talk. （2）

  .
     What one culture considers an awkward pause，others see a valuable moment of reflection and a sign of respect for what the last speaker has said.Researchers found that when a silence in conversation lasted four seconds，people started to feel unsettled.（3）

  .It is nearly twice as long as in Americans' meetings.Native English speakers tend to be most uncomfortable with long gaps in a discussion.And yet，the Finns who prize privacy，reserve and the art of listening are happy to sit in studied thoughtfulness.
     （4）

  .In the US，it may come from the history of colonial America as a crossroads of many different peoples.When they have difference，it's hard to establish common understanding unless people talk and there is understandably a kind of anxiety unless people are engaged to establish a common life. （5）

  .When there's more similarity perhaps it's easier for some kinds of silence to appear.
  
  A.So sometimes silence really is golden.
  B.This applies also to some extent to London.
  C.But the view of silence differs across cultures.
  D.You should know when to speak and when to stop.
  E.English people don't like silence that makes people embarrassed.
  F.So why do native English speakers find long pauses hard to handle？
  G.In contrast，Japanese people were happy with silence of 8.2 seconds.
  組卷：17引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

三、語法填空

• 4．The Plastic Pollution Because plastic is useful for so many purposes，it has become a part of（1）

  （near） all areas of our lives.It's hard to look anywhere（2）

  finding dozens of objects made of plastic.Often we don't have to look beyond the clothes we re wearing.
      The United Nations Environment Program reports that at present，400 million tons of plastic is produced every year.The number（3）

  （expect） to double by 2040.And even though there's a lot of talk about recycling，only 9% of all the plastic ever（4）

  （create ）has been recycled.
      Almost all kinds of plastic （5）

  （be） made from some kind of oil.Plastic made in this way gives out（6）

  （danger） gases when it's produced and also when it's burned or buried in the ground.Scientists say plastic is responsible for 4.5% of the world's greenhouse gases driving the climate crisis.
      Plastic doesn't break down like natural materials.Instead，it just breaks into smaller and smaller（7）

  （piece）.And as plastic filling our world break down，they create（8）

  new problem -- microplastics，（9）

  are tiny bits or threads of plastic，often too small（10）

  （see），In recent years，microplastics have been found almost everywhere，even in the bodies of animals including humans.
  組卷：8引用：1難度：0.6

  解析

四、書面表達(dá)

• 5．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。
      Tom has an aunt who lives in a far-off village.He hadn't seen her for two years and he really missed her.
  Tom spent a lot of time with his aunt when he was a little boy.At that time，his parents were too busy with their work，so they sent him to his aunt.It was his aunt who took care of him for a long time.He remembered that back then a girl sometimes played with him.But he couldn't remember her clearly.After all，it had been so many years before.
      Last week，Tom decided to visit his aunt.And he called her first.
      "Hello，Auntie.This is Tom.How are you？" asked Tom over the phone.
      "I'm fine，Tom.Thanks.I'm just a bit lonely，" said Tom's aunt.Hearing that，he knew he had made a right decision.
      "I'm coming this weekend.I want to spend the weekend with you，" he immediately said，thinking his aunt would be surely full of joy.
      "Really？That's great!I miss you so much." his aunt said excitedly.
      Tom set off on Friday afternoon.He thought he would arrive by bus in the evening，but there was an accident on the road and all the traffic was stopped for almost an hour.When he got off the bus，it was getting dark.
      It's a ten-minute walk from the bus station to his aunt's house.The village had experienced a lot of changes.Tom looked around curiously.Just at that moment，another bus stopped and a girl got off the bus.The girl passed by Tom and began to walk into the village.Thinking that his aunt was waiting for him，Tom began to walk into the village，too.
       He walked behind the girl.After about two minutes，it seemed that the girl noticed him.She looked back hurriedly，and then continued to walk.Moments later，the girl looked back again and then quickened her pace.
  Paragraph 1：
      It seemed that the girl was a bit scared.

  
  Paragraph 2 ：
      Clearly，it frightened the girl even more.
  組卷：4引用：1難度：0.3

  解析